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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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define sterotypes
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when we rely on over-generalized beliefs concerning a certain trait, behavior, or attitude to characterize all members of some identifiable group, we engage in stereotyping behavior
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define impression management
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the process by which people attempt to present a favorable public image
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define dramaturgy
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the study of life as a theater:
role- image being portrayed (or attempted) audience- people who observe our behavior script- communication with others props- objects used to present image |
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first stage of dramaturgy-
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of social life we maintain "appropriate" appearances. where we indicate to others that we know the social necessities for a given situation
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back stage of dramaturgy-
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where preparation for performances are made and where impression management is relaxed
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define spoiled identities
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not all encounters go smoothly. when we fail at impression management
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define aligning action
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we can attempt different tactics to re-establish order and regain out identities. these attempts are referred to as "aligning actions" as their intent is to restore order and repair damaged identity
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define disclaimer
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to avoid impression mismanagement, people may offer a disclaimer, or am assertion designed to forestall any complaints or negative reactions to a behavior that is about to occur
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define stigmas
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a permanent identity spoilage- a deeply discrediting characteristic.
can be: physical, character related, social group membership. they are socially constructed and vary across time |
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coping strategies for people with stigmas selective
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-disclosure/ concealment
-alter behavior -self-deprecating humor -embrace stigma |
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how people manage race and ethnicity impressions
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minorities are often forced to present images that are consistent with expectations
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how people manage social class impressions
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-working class individuals may present images to helpl gain respect
-dominant classes may receive respect as a privilage with little effort |
