Sociology Exam 2; Ch. 5

Front 1

define identity

Back 1

the essential aspect of who you are, consisting of our sense of self, gender, race, ethnicity, and religion

Front 2

define socialization

Back 2

process through which one learns how to act according to the rules and expectations of a particular culture

Front 3

define anticipatory socialization

Back 3

process through which people acquire the values and orientations found in the statuses they will likely enter in the future

Front 4

define re-socialization

Back 4

process of learning new values, norms, and expectations when an adult leaves an old role and enters a new one

Front 5

define self

Back 5

refers to the unique set of traits, behaviors and attitudes that distinguishes one person from the next

Front 6

define reflexive behavior

Back 6

to have a self is to have the ability to plan, observe, guide, and respond to ones own behavior. In essence to have self is to have the capability to engage in reflexive behavior

Front 7

define role-taking

Back 7

the ability to see oneself from the perspective of others and to use that perspective in formulating ones own behavior

Front 8

define generalized other

Back 8

the perspective of the large society and its constituent values and attitudes

Front 9

define play stage

Back 9

children can assume the role of another, but only from the perspective of one person at a time

Front 10

define game stage

Back 10

children can assume the role of the "generalized other"
-can conform their role to brand societal expectations

Front 11

what are the agents of socialization

Back 11

family, education, media, social class, peers, race and ethnicity

Front 12

family-

Back 12

primary source of socialization

Front 13

education-

Back 13

impersonal socialization transmission of knowledge also teaches students to be "passive, non-problematic conformists"

Front 14

media-

Back 14

transmits messages about the type of people we "should" be subtle and not so subtle

Front 15

social class-

Back 15

similar experiences of power, privilege, prestige, wealth, etc. lead to similar ways of perceiving life and social structure

Front 16

peers-

Back 16

can strongly influence benefits and behaviors through bullying and coercive behavior. the desire to belong is a key component that grants peers strong socializing agency

Front 17

race and ethnicity-

Back 17

important component of identity for most people that shapes not only how we view ourselves but also how others view us

Front 18

what are the stages of acquisition of self and who came up with it

Back 18

Charles Horton Cooley:
1. recognition of oneself as distinct from others
2.language acquisition
3. development of looking-glass-self-inturpret actions of others toward us as mirrors in which we see ourselves

Front 19

describe looking-glass self

Back 19

1.we perceive how we appear to another person
2. we make an estimate of the judgment the other person makes about us
3. we have an emotional reaction, or feeling, about this judgment

Front 20

describe the generalized other

Back 20

the ability to see ones self from the perspective of others and to use that perspective in formulation our own behavior called role-taking or becoming aware of the generalized other-- to perspective of the large society and its constituent values and attitudes

Front 21

erving goffman

Back 21

wrote: the presentation of self in everyday life.
-impressions manage is the process by which people attempt to present a favorable public image
- primary goal is to increase likelihood of favorable outcomes