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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Violation of a social norm
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deviance
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Adherence to social norms.
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conformity
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A scope of behaviors considered acceptable and defined as conformity.
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range of tolerance
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Any act that violates a criminal law.
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crime
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Criminal acts against people and their property that are motivated by racial and ethnic prejudices and other social biases.
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hate crimes
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Any characteristic that sets peole apart and discredits or disqualifies them from full social acceptance and participation.
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stigma
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Views deviance as analogous to illness.
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medical model
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Sexually explicit materials intended solely for sexual arousal.
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pornography
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A problem that potentially threatens the survival of society.
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social pathology
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The view that deviance is a result of the tensions or strain experienced by people because of their position in the social structure.
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strain theories
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A state of social strain, normative confusion, or rapid change in norms, when people's behavior is no longer restrained by conventional norms.
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anomie
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View deviance as arising when groups with power attempt to impose their norms and values on less powerful groups.
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conflict theories of deviance
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Includes all aspects of white-collar crime as well as other deviant acts perpetrated by those in power.
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elite deviance
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View deviance and conformity primarily as labels assigned to certain people and certain acts.
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labeling theories
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When an individual violates a norm and is viewed as deviant but rejects the deviant label and maintains a conformist conception of himself or herself.
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primary deviance
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The internalization of a deviant label and the assumption of a deviant role.
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secondary deviance
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Contend that all behavior (including deviance) is learned through social interaction.
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social learning theories
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Contend that deviance is normal and conformity must be explained.
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social control theories
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Mechanisms people use to enforce prevailing social norms.
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social control
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States that deviance will be deterred if negative social sanctions (especially punishment) are perceived to be certain, swift, and severe.
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deterrence theory
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