Sociology Ch 6 Fast Food

Front 1

Formal Organization

Back 1

Coordinating mechanisms that bring together people, resources, and technology, and then channel human activity toward achieving specific outcome.

Front 2

Secondary groups

Back 2

Impersonal associations among people who interact for a specific purpose.

Front 3

Voluntary organizations

Back 3

Formal organizations that draw together people who give time, talent, or treasure to support mutual interests, meet important human needs, or achieve a not for profit goal.

Front 4

Utilitarian Organizations

Back 4

Formal organizations that draw together people seeking material gain in the form of pay, health benefits, or a new status.

Front 5

Bureaucracy

Back 5

An organization that strives to use the most efficient means to achieve a valued goal.

Front 6

ideal type

Back 6

A deliberate simplification or caricature that exaggerates defining characteristics, thus establishing a standard against which real cases can be compared.

Front 7

Formal dimension

Back 7

The official aspect of an organization, including job descriptions and written rules, guidelines, and procedures established to achieve valued goals.

Front 8

informal dimension

Back 8

The unofficial aspect of an organization including behaviors that depart from the formal dimension, such as employee-generated norms that evade, bypass, or ignore official rules, guidelines, and procedures.

Front 9

rationalization

Back 9

A process in which thought and action rotted in custom, emotion, or respect for mysterious forces is replaced by instrumental rational thought and action.

Front 10

Efficiency

Back 10

An organization's claim of offering the "best" products and services, which allow consumers to move quickly from one state of being to another, (for example, from hungry to full, from fat to thin, or from uneducated to educated)

Front 11

Quantification and calculation

Back 11

Numerical indicators that enable customers to evaluate a product or service easily.

Front 12

Predictability

Back 12

The expectation that a service or product will be the same no matter where or when it is purchased. pg 137

Front 13

control

Back 13

The guiding or regulating, by planning out in detail the production or delivery of a service or product. pg 137

Front 14

Iron cage of rationality

Back 14

The set of irrationalities that rational systems generate.

Front 15

multinational corporations.

Back 15

Enterprises that own, control, or license production or service facilities in countries other than the one where the corporations are headquartered. pg 139

Front 16

Externality costs

Back 16

Hidden costs of using, making or disposing of a product that are not figured into the price of the product or paid for by the producer. pg 141

Front 17

trained incapacity

Back 17

The inability because of specialized training to respond to new or unusual circumstances or to recognize when official rules or procedures are outmoded or no longer applicable. pg 143

Front 18

Statistical measures of performance

Back 18

Quantitative (and sometimes qualitative) measures of how well an organization and its members or employees are performing. pg 144

Front 19

Oligarchy

Back 19

Rule by the few, or the concentration of decision making power in the hands of a few people, who hold the top positions in a hierarchy. pg 145

Front 20

Professionalization

Back 20

A trend in which organizations hire experts with formal training in a particular subject or activity training needed to achieve organizational goals. pg 146

Front 21

Alienation

Back 21

A state of being in which human life is dominated by the forces of its inventions. pg 147