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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Group-
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people who have something in common and who believe that what they have in common is significant
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society
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What is the largest group?
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groups
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As society changes, so do the nature and types of its _______.
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Transformation of societies
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Hunting and gathering societies
Pastoral and horticultural societies Agricultural societies Industrial societies Postindustrial (information) societies Bioeconomic societies |
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Hunting and gathering societies
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society
Few social divisions Family is major unit of organization |
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Pastoral and horticultural societies
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society
Domestication revolution Dependable food supply Division of labor, surplus, trade Social stratification |
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Agricultural societies
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society
Plow, efficiency, surplus Cities, increased inequality |
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Industrial societies
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society
Industrial revolution Factory workers Home/auto ownership Increased equality |
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Postindustrial (information) societies
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society
Change, technology Individuals don’t produce anything Social revolution |
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Bioeconomic societies
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society
Emerging Decoding of human genome (2001) Cloning, bioengineering |
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Groups w/in society
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Small groups prevent anomie
Aggregate Category Primary groups Secondary groups In-group Out-group Reference groups Communities |
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Aggregate
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temporarily share same physical space
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Category
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similar characteristics
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Primary groups
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intimate, face to face interaction, give identity
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Secondary groups
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larger, more anonymous, impersonal, based on interest or activity
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In-group
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feel loyalty towards, sense of belonging
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Out-group
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feel antagonism towards
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Reference groups
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the groups we use as standards to evaluate ourselves
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Communities
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sets of primary and secondary groups in which the individual carries out major life functions
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highly cohesive
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In ______ _________ groups, members have strong, positive attachments to each other
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Social networks
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Ties that extend outward from oneself, gradually encompassing more and more people
Cliques Small world phenomenon Electronic communities |
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Small world phenomenon
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Our social networks connect us to larger society
Milgram experiment |
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Group dynamics
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How groups influence us and how we influence groups
Small group Dyad Triad As small group grows larger, it becomes more stable, but its intensity/intimacy decreases More than 6 members, relationships become more complex and the group is likely to break into smaller groups Diffusion of responsibility The larger the group, the less likely people are to help |
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6
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More than __ members, relationships become more complex and the group is likely to break into smaller groups
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Diffusion of responsibility
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The larger the group, the less likely people are to help
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Leadership
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Leader is someone who influences behaviors, opinions, or attitudes of others
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Types of leaders
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Instrumental (task-oriented) leader
Expressive (socioemotional) leader Both types essential |
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Instrumental (task-oriented) leader
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keep group moving toward its goals
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Expressive (socioemotional) leader
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increase harmony and minimize conflict in a group
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Authoritarian
Democratic Laissez-faire |
What are the leadership styles? (3)
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Leadership styles
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Authoritarian
Democratic Laissez-faire |
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Talkative, self-confident
Represent values of members Able to lead group out of crisis |
Who becomes a leader?
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The power of peer pressure
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Conformity
Asch experiment Obedience Milgram experiment Groupthink |
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Groupthink
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a narrowing of thought by a group of people, leading to the perception that there is only one correct answer
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