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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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culture
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the values the members of a group hold, languages they speak, symbols they revere, the norms they follow, and matieral goods they create
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values
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abstract ideas
ex: being faithful to a single married partner |
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norms
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principles or rules of social life that people are expected to observe
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society
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system of interrelationships that connects individuals
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cultural turn
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sociology's recent emphasis on understanding the rold of culture in daily life
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sociobiology
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application of biological principles to explain the social activities of animals
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subcultures
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different cultural backgrounds and segments of the population within a larger society
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ethnocentrism
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judging of other cultures in terms of the standards of one's own
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cultural relativism
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judging a society by its own standards
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cultural universals
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cmmon features of human behavior found in all societies
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linguistic relativity hypothesis
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language influences our perceptions of the world
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signifier
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any vehicle of meaning- any set of elements used to communicate
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semiotics
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analysis of nonverbal cultural meanings
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pastoral
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relied on domestic livestock
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agrarian
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practiced agriculture
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horticulture
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small gardens were cultivated by the use to simple hoes or digging instruments
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civilizations
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based on development of cities led to pronounced inequalities of wealth and power
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industrialization
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emergence of machine production based on the use of inanimate power resources
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colonialism
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process by which western nations established their rule in parts of the world away from their home territories
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developing world
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lower level of industrial development
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third world
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worst developed
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first world
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developed/industrialized, multiparty/parlimentary gov
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second world
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communist countries
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mewly industrialized economies (NIEs)
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former developing societies now based on industrial production and generally free enterprise
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