Sociology

Front 1

Deviant Behavior

Back 1

any violation of a cultural or social norm

all 3 norms fall under this category

Front 2

Criminal Behavior

Back 2

any violation of criminal law

law norms fall under this category

Formal, Negative Sanctions falls here

Front 3

Norms

Back 3

Folkways, Mores/Taboos, and Laws

Front 4

Folkways

Back 4

a guideline of expected behavior

Front 5

Mores/Taboos

Back 5

norms based on morals

Front 6

Laws

Back 6

formalized laws

Front 7

Informal Sanctions

Back 7

is either positive or negative but doesn't cause anything because whoever it is giving it has no authority

ex. clapping/booing

Front 8

Formal Sanctions

Back 8

is either positive or negative and effects the person its given to because the person giving it has authority over them

ex. raise/promotion or pink slip

Front 9

Reasons/Goals of Punishment

Back 9

1- Retribution
2- Incapacitation
3- Deterence
4- Rehabilitation

Front 10

Retribution

Back 10

revenge (eye for an eye)

Front 11

Incapacitation

Back 11

the removal of the offener so he/she cannot violate the law while incapacitated

Front 12

Deterence

Back 12

prevent future crimes if given the opportunity

Front 13

2 Types of Deterence

Back 13

A) Special/Specific/Individual -> directed at the offender

B) General ---> deter the public

Front 14

Criteria for Deterence

Back 14

A) Severity
B) Certainty
C) Swiftness

Front 15

Rehabilitation

Back 15

Medical Model

offender is sick and needs to be treated

Front 16

Does the Death Penalty work with the Reasons/Goals

Back 16

Retribution- yes
Incapacitation- yes
Special/Specific/Individual Deterence- no
General Deterence- yes
Rehabilitation- no

Front 17

Criminal Justice System

Back 17

1) Law Enforcement
2) Prosecutor
3) Court
4) Corrections (Institutional and Community)

Front 18

Law Enforcement

Back 18

executive branch

Front 19

Prosecutor

Back 19

Key Person

Decides whether to charge and what to charge

Front 20

Court

Back 20

interpret the laws, finding of guilt, sentencing

Front 21

Institutional Corrections

Back 21

locked up -> jails, prisons, etc

Front 22

Community Corrections

Back 22

Probation, Parole, Diversion, etc

Front 23

4th Amendment

Back 23

protection against illegal search and seizure

Front 24

5th Amendment

Back 24

protection against self-incrimination

Front 25

6th Amendment

Back 25

limited right to an attorney -> if theres a possible loss of liberty involved

Front 26

Miranda Rights

Back 26

the 5th and 6th Amendments

Front 27

8th Amendment

Back 27

Protection against cruel and unusual punishment
Protection against excessive fine or bail

Front 28

14th Amedment

Back 28

Provides Due Process and Equal Protection

Front 29

Drug Classifications

Back 29

1) Legal Drugs
2) Regulated Drugs
3) Illegal Drugs

Front 30

Legal Drugs

Back 30

Caffeine, OTC, etc

Front 31

Regulated Drugs

Back 31

prescription drugs (if used correctly), alcohol, tobacco, etc

Front 32

Illegal Drugs

Back 32

a) Marijhuana (hash)
b) Hallucinogens (LSD, Mushrooms, peyote, etc)
c) Narcotics ----> heroin, opium, morphine, etc
d) Cocaine - crack
e) Inhalants -----> "huffers and puffers"
f) Designer Drugs -> ecstasy, crystal meth, etc

Front 33

Most Used Legal Drug

Back 33

caffeine

Front 34

Most Used Regulated Drug

Back 34

alcohol

Front 35

Most Used Illegal Drug

Back 35

marijhuana

Front 36

3 types of drug users

Back 36

1) Experimenters
2) Compulsive Users
3) Floaters or chippers

Front 37

Experimenters

Back 37

first time users, recreational users

Front 38

Compulsive users

Back 38

adopted a drug lifestyle

ex. alcoholics

Front 39

Floaters or chippers

Back 39

moochers

Front 40

Why People Use Drugs

Back 40

1) pleasure or fun
2) relieve stress or tension
3) peer pressure
4) relieve pain or illness
5) enhance religious experiences
6) enhance social experiences
7) enhance work experiences

Front 41

Biological Theory

Back 41

genetics -> people whos parents are drug abusers are prone to it, its in the blood

Front 42

Psychological

Back 42

1)Conditioning
2)Habituation
3)Addiction to Pleasure
4)Personality

Front 43

Conditioning

Back 43

associated drug use with a stimuli

Front 44

Habituation

Back 44

a habit

Front 45

Addiction to Pleasure

Back 45

the more pleasurable the drug use is, the more likely it will be used

Front 46

Personality

Back 46

dependent personality

Front 47

Structural-Functionalists View on Drugs

Back 47

not positive -> drug use can interfere in a person doing his/her functions (work, famly, obeying laws)

ok for medical purposes

Front 48

Conflicts View on Drugs

Back 48

Non-marxist: Powerful dont make laws, they control "the agents of social control"

Marxist: poor use drugs to escape reality

Front 49

Symbolic Interactions View on Drugs

Back 49

Labeling

Learning and Teaching

'How do we attempt to deal with or control drug use'

Front 50

Attempts to control drug use

Back 50

1) Treatment
2) Intervention
3) Prevention
4) Government Regulation

Front 51

Treatment

Back 51

active abusers

Front 52

Intervention

Back 52

"at-risk"

Front 53

Prevention

Back 53

public

Front 54

Government Regulation

Back 54

most used

Possesion or use Laws (directed toward the Demand side)

Manufacturing/distrubting/sales Laws (directed toward the supply side)

Front 55

Demonology

Back 55

based on religious ideals

offender has no choice - possessed

Front 56

Classical School

Back 56

Individuals have choice (ability to reason)

Punishment should fit the crime

Use of incarceration for non-political crimes (jails, prisons, etc began)

Front 57

Deterrence

Back 57

We punish people for two reasons:

so the public will not commit the crime (general deterrence)

and the offender will not commit the crime if given a future opportunity (specific/special deterrence)

Front 58

For deterrence to be successful it must meet what 3 criteria

Back 58

1- Severity (punishment must be severe enough to make someone not want to do the crime)
2- Swiftness (punishment must come quickly after the crime has been committed)
3- Certainty (it must be certain that if someone commits a certain crime he/she will be punished)

Front 59

Strain Theory

Back 59

Structural-Functionalists Perspective

Theorist: Robert Merton

A stress (or strain) exists in America because Americans are supposed to accept appropriate goals (money, new house, new car, etc) but not everyone has the same means to obtain these goals.

People adapt in 5 ways.

Front 60

5 ways people addapt according to the strain theory

Back 60

1) conformist
2) innovator
3) ritualist
4) retreatist
5) rebel

Front 61

Conformists

Back 61

most people

have the accepted goals and accepted means

Front 62

Innovators

Back 62

criminals

have the accepted goals but not the accepted means

Front 63

Ritualists

Back 63

have the accepted means but not the accepted goals

Front 64

Retreatist

Back 64

society dropouts

dont have the accepted goals nor the accepted means so they just give up

Front 65

Rebels

Back 65

cults, militia, etc

they make up their own means and their own goals and follow those instead of going by the societys accepted means and goals