Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is Sociology?
|
Social Science about behaviours; looking for social patterns
|
|
|
Sociology helps us understand...
|
the Social world, oneself and others
|
|
|
c.Wright Mills..
|
Sociological Imagination
|
|
|
What is Sociological Imagination?
|
..to make the connection between how society works, how it works and personal life
|
|
|
Confucius is?
|
importance of role modeling in leadership
|
|
|
Ibn Khaldun...
|
Arab Scholar, examined various types of socities and their history, culture and economy.
|
|
|
Who Coined the term Sociology?
|
August Comete (1798 -1857)
|
|
|
why is industrialization important to sociology?
|
The industrialization was a response to social changes in England,Germany and France in the 1800's
|
|
|
What is a Taboo?
|
Taboos are norms that are so deeply ingrained that the thought of or mention can arouse disgust
|
|
|
What is Culture?
|
A system involving behaviour, beliefs, knowledge, practices, values and materials.
|
|
|
What are Values?
|
Values are standards used by a culture to describe abstract qualities
|
|
|
Max Weber...
|
Founder of modern sociology, protestant ethic and the spirit of capitalism. Economic system as only one source of change
|
|
|
Karl Marx...
|
Revolution as a means of change in which only economics counted.
|
|
|
R.K Merton identified 3 types of functions. What are they?
|
Manifest Functions, Latent Functions, Latent Dysfunctions
|
|
|
Who coined the term, Social Fact?
|
Emile Durkhiem
|
|
|
What are the 3 main characteristics of Social Fact?
|
* You didnt invent it. They are real and external to human actions.
*Can be seen as being characteristic os a particular group. Norms *pushes an individual to acting in a particular way |
|
|
What is Structural Functionalism?
|
Focuses on the social system entirely, operate and produce consequences
|
|
|
What is Conflict Approach is based on the four c's. What are they?
|
Conflict: idea that conflict exsist in all large scale societies, Class (also always exsisting), Contends: functions of the society can be challenged and lastly Change: assumption society will or should change
|
|
|
What is a Symbol?
|
aspects of a culture that take on tremendous meaning ex. Canadian Flag
|
|
|
Xenocentrism is...
|
belief that anything foriegn must be better than something produced domestically
|
|
|
what is Culture Shock?
|
Disorientation that people feel when they encounter cultures radically different from their own.
|
|
|
Cultural Relativity?
|
Customs and behaviours of any culture must be viewed and analyized by the cultures own standards
|
|
|
what is Ethnocentrism?
|
When someone holds up one culture (usually ones own) as being the standard inwhich all cultures are compared to
|
|
|
What is Reverse Ethnocentrism?
|
Assumtion that another culture (not one's own) is Better in some way
|
|
|
What is sociolinguistics?
|
The study of language as a part of culture. Language in relation to sociological factors (age, sex, ethinicity..)
|
|
|
What is the problem with using culture relativism?
|
Understanding the need to look at the culture as a whole and individuals should not be judged by the practices of their culture
|
|
|
What are the two types of socialization?
|
Primary: Occurs in Childhood
Secondary: Occurs in Life |
|
|
What is Determinism?
|
Degree inwhich a person's behaviour, attitudes and other personal characteristcs are determined by specific factors
|
|
|
What is Biological Determinism?
|
Determined by our Genes
|
|
|
_____________is the knowledge, language, values, customs, and material objects that are passed from person to person and from one generation to the next in a human group or society.
|
Culture
|
|
|
What is Dominant Culture?
|
Is through political/economic power is able to impose values, language and ways of behaving on a given society
|
|
|
What is a Subculture?
|
groups oraganized around occupations or hobbies. (No significant opposition to the dominant culture)
|
|
|
What is agency?
|
Capacity to influence what happens in one's life
|
|
|
________ A school of thought in psychology which emphasizes that behaviour can be studied and explained through observation of how people's actions are suppposedly conditioned by earlier actions and reactions
|
Behaviourism
|
|
|
The 3 parts inthe mind by freudian theory are....
|
ID: Our unconscious instinctive drive
SUPER EGO: Conscience; moral messages that our socializing agents represent us EGO: Mediator between both |
|
|
What is counter culture?
|
Opposition to the dominant culture. Going again that societies norms and values
|
|
|
High Culture is...
|
the culture of the elite. Ex classical music,ballet, etc other specialized interest
|
|
|
Popular culture is
|
consists of people who take an active role in shaping the culture by consumption ex.tv shows, music.. etc..
|
|
|
The theory that language determines thought
|
Saphir-Whorf Hypothesis
|
|
|
Mass culture is..
|
belief thats the big companies/ goverment dictate what the people should buy,watch and value.. etc.
|
|
|
What is Simulacra?
|
cultural images associated with stereotypes.
|
|
|
What is the difference between positive and negitive sanctions?
|
Positive: reward for doing something right (following the norm).
Negitive: reaction designed to tell the offenders they have violated a norm. |
|
|
What is a Mores?
|
Mores are norms that are taken much more seriously. They are rules you 'must not' Violate. Will be met with shock or severe disapproval. Ex. Rape
|
|
|
What are the three kinds of norms?
|
Folkways, mores, taboos
|
|
|
Who distinguished the three kinds of norms?
|
William graham sumner
|
|
|
In his work The Rules of Sociological Method (1895), _____ ___set forth one of his most important contributions to sociology: the idea that societies are built on social facts.
|
Emile Durkheim
|
|
|
_____ defines a condition in which social control becomes ineffective as a result of the loss of shared values and a sense of purpose in society.
|
Anomie
|
|
|
_______________is a method of research, proposed by Weber, by which we attempt to understand others' behavior by mentally putting ourselves in their place
|
Verstehen
|
