Socio Test 3

Front 1

Prejudice

Back 1

Negative attitudes based on faulty generalizations about members of a selected group * keyterm attitudes based on faulty generalizations about members of a selected group*

Front 2

Pre-judge means

Back 2

most often ideas are believed before any contact with the group
*you get ideas through stereotypes

Front 3

Discrimination

Back 3

an action carried out based on prejudice attitudes

Front 4

RACISM

Back 4

A set of attitudes, beliefs and practices used to justify the superior treatment of one racial or ethnic group and the inferior treatment of and another group

Front 5

STEREOTYPING:
1) Over-generalizing about
2) Rooted in

Back 5

1) appearance, behavior, or other characteristics of members of a group
2) ethnocentrism (seeing your culture as the standard…and superior)

Front 6

DISCRIMINATION:
1) Individual Discrimination
2) Institutional discrimination

Back 6

1) One on one acts that harm the minority group or their property
*wont hire someone based on race or ethnicity*
2) Day-to-day practices that have a harmful effect on members of the minority group
*avis denied AA renting cars and so did denies*

Front 7

MYTHS AND REALITIES:
1) Reality: Race is a group of
2) Myth 1:
3) Myth 2:

Back 7

1) people with inherited physical characteristics that distinguish it from another group
2) any race is superior to others
3) “pure” races exist

Front 8

ETHNICITY:
1) Collection of people distinguished primarily
2) An ethnicity has 5 main characteristics

Back 8

1) on the basis of cultural or Nationality characteristics
2) Unique cultural traits
A sense of community
Feeling of ethnocentrism
Ascribed membership
Territoriality

Front 9

MINORITY AND DOMINANT GROUPS:
1) Minority group
2) Dominant group

Back 9

1) racial or ethnic group subject to prejudice and discrimination
2) those that have more power, privileges, and social status in a society

Front 10

FUNCTIONALIST TERMINOLOGY ABOUT R&E:
1)Assimilation
2)Amalgamation
3)Cultural pluralism-

Back 10

1)minorities adopt the dominant group’s culture
2)subcultures are blended together, forming a new culture
3)multiculturalism--the peaceful co-existence of various groups, each retaining its own subculture

Front 11

CAUSES OF PREJUDICE AND DISCRIMINATION :
1)Scapegoating
2)Sociological
3)Economic
4)Political

Back 11

1) (blaming others)
2) (socialization)
3) (desire for jobs and profit)
4) (maintaining governmental power)

Front 12

CONSEQUENCES OF DISCRIMATION

Back 12

Quality of life
Desperation
Self-image

Front 13

Gender Stratification(historical perspective)

Back 13

How Women Become the Minority Group

Front 14

Theory of patriarchy

Back 14

society came to be dominated by men due to the consequences for women related to human reproduction *being able to reproduce is a downfall and tends to hinder them*

Front 15

Hunting and Gathering Societies:
1)Relatively
2)Both provide

Back 15

1) equal *in remote parts of the world*
2) food *resources of basic necessity provides power*

Front 16

Horticultural and Pastoral:
1) Division began
2) Male dominance was promoted

Back 16

1) (larger plots of land to farm; herding practices=men more responsible for food)
2) Menstrual taboos sent women away because they were unclean
Polygyny-2 or more wives was permitted
Bridewealth-payment by a man for a wife (like property)
Still exists and is practiced in parts of Asia, Africa, S. America

Front 17

Agrarian:
1) Gender stratification becomes
2) More intensive labor needed so women were
3) Plows incompatible with
4) Because of more permanence with large plots of land to plow
5) Since men brought in the surplus
6) Contemporary Agrarian societies

Back 17

1) institutionalized
2) considered weak
3) child care
4) there could be a surplus
5) there was much dominance
6) still exist

Front 18

Industrialization:
1) In the US it created a gap between
2) Men in factories often supervised
3) created

Back 18

1) non paid work at home and paid work that was increasingly performed by men
2) (unmarried) women and children, creating a big division
3) “Homemaker” and “Breadwinner”

Front 19

Contemporary Gender Stratification:
1) Gender inequality (3)
2) Harassment
3) Violence

Back 19

1) Education, Health care, and Workplace
2) Sexual
3) Gender and Violence/Dating Violence

Front 20

Contemporary gender stratification:
1) Results from (3)
2) Glass ceiling
3) Glass escalator
4) Second shift

Back 20

1) Type of work, Family responsibility,
Discrimination
2) Women can only reach a certain level in a company because of her gender
3) Men who choose jobs that are traditionally women are able to move up faster
4) Women are still primarily responsible for the house, the children, and now work also

Front 21

Feminism:The Women’s Movement: First Wave

1) Late
2) Chief concern

Back 21

1) 19th century/ Early 20th century
2) Reform legal and social inequities for women (including right to vote)

Front 22

Feminism, cont. Second Wave:
1) 1960s through
2) “Personal is political”:
3) Some inclusion of

Back 22

1) 1980s
2) other issues of inequality, discrimination, oppression
3) new groups - racial minorities and lesbians

Front 23

Feminism, cont. Third Wave:
1) Greater focus on
2) Values in work are being
3) More openness in

Back 23

1) women in less industrialized nations
2) challenged (cooperation vs. competition)
3) women experiencing love and pleasure

Front 24

Contemporary Feminist Thought-4 Questions:
1) What about the
2) Why is the social world
3) How can we improve the
4) What about the differences among

Back 24

1) women?
2) as it is?
3) social world – justice for women and all people?
4)women?

Front 25

Distinction between sex and gender
“Nature vs. Nurture":
1) Sex
2) Gender

Back 25

1) biological characteristics
2) social characteristics involved in the construction of masculinities and femininities

Front 26

1) Gender Roles
2) Examples of traditional American gender roles:

Back 26

1) Attitudes, activities, and appearances that a culture links to each sex
2) Man: breadwinner, strong, authority, aggressive, protector, baggy clothing, etc.
Woman: housewife, raises children, emotional, submissive, careful, vulnerable, form-fitting clothing, etc

Front 27

Transgender and Intersex (2)

Back 27

Usually when a person’s gender identity does not match the sex/gender assigned at birth
Non-conformity to traditional notions of gender

Front 28

The Double Standard:
1) Men are taught to see sex in terms of
2) Women are taught to associate sex with
3) A double standard exists regarding male and female sexual behavior;
4) “Hooking-up”(casual sexual relationships among teens) is
3)
4)

Back 28

1) performance and achievement.
2) intimacy and affection.
3) premarital and extramarital sex is okay for men, but not for women
4) okay for guys but a girl that engages in too much causal sex is called a “slut” or a “tramp.”

Front 29

Social Class Stereotypes:
1) Class relations also produce sexual stereotypes of
2) Working-class and poor men may be stereotyped as
3) Working-class women may be disproportionately labeled
4) TV news broadcasts help create and perpetuate

Back 29

1) women and men
2) dangerous.
3) sluts
4) class/race related stereotypes; e.g. the young unmarried Iraqi woman on welfare who gave birth to octuplets via in vitro fertilization was judged harshly as an “unfit mother.”

Front 30

Racial Stereotypes:
1) Sexual politics are tied to
2) Stereotypes are applied to different racial and ethnic groups such as:

Back 30

1) race and class inequities in society.
2) Latinas are “hot” or “virgins.”
Latin men are “hot lovers.”
African American men are overly virile.
Asian American women are compliant and submissive, but passionate.