Socio Test 1 Notes

Front 1

Sociology

Back 1

The systematic study of human society (systematic uses scientific related research methods)

Front 2

Sociologists apply both ___ and ____ methods to their examanation of behavior

Back 2

theory
research
(part of social science is to test hypothesis and report results)

Front 3

Why study sociology?(3)

Back 3

1) it helps us learn about ourselves and how we are connected to what is happening in other people's lives
2) Inquiry helps us see that things are not necessarily what they seem
3) promotes understand and tolerance

Front 4

Sociological Perspective:
1) we are all shaped by
2) we conform to ways of
3) seeing the general in the

Back 4

1) our society, by the groups around us
2) our culture
3) particular

Front 5

Sociological Imagination

Back 5

The ability to see the relationship between what is happening in peoples personal lives and the social forces that surround them

Front 6

Auguste Comte:
1) Considered the
2) Created the term
3) and the term positivism

Back 6

1) founder of sociology
2) sociology
3) a belief that the world could best be understoof through scientific inquiry

Front 7

Herber Spencer:
1) Known for
2) Much controversy surround

Back 7

1) social darwinism-survival of the fittest-the most intelligent ambitious people rise to the top
2) this theory

Front 8

Emile Durkheim:
1) Believed that society was based on
2) Anomie

Back 8

1)social facts-patterned ways of thinking, acting, and feeling that exist outside of any one individual, but that exert social control over each person
2) loss of shared values and sense of purpose in society

Front 9

Karl Marx:
1) Conflict is necessary for
2) Class conflict is the

Back 9

1) social change
2) struggle between the capitalists and the working class

Front 10

Max Weber:
1) Value Free research
2) Verstehen

Back 10

1) remove personal value and opinion as well as economic interest
2) Understanding or insight , gain the ability to see the world as others see it

Front 11

Functionalist Perspective:
1) society is composed of
2) societies create

Back 11

1)interrelated parts that all serve a function to promote stability and order
2) institutions that help the society survive

Front 12

Conflict Perspective:
1) Group in society are engaged in

Back 12

1) continuous power struggle for control of scarce resources

Front 13

Symbolic Interactionist:
1) Focus is on the
2) Our behavior is strongly

Back 13

1) interaction thattakes place between two people or in a small group
2) influenced by our subjective reality, how we interpret a situation

Front 14

Macro vs Micro
1) Functionalist
2) Conflict
3) Interactionist

Back 14

1) Macro
2) Macro
3) Micro

Front 15

Postmodernist Perspectives

Back 15

Society is characterized by an information explosion, consumerism, and post industrialization that questions the assumptions of social life and the nature of reality

Front 16

6 steps to the scientific method

Back 16

1) figure a problem you want to study
2) go back and see what others have had to say on the subject
3) based on what you havent found direct your study
4) choose a method
5) analyze results
6) draw a conclusion

Front 17

Qualitivate Research Methods

Back 17

focuses on interpreting description to understand underlying meaning or relationship *open ended questions and interview, really specific info, usually small sample, sounds like symbolic interaction on a micro level*

Front 18

Quantitative Research Methods

Back 18

examines a subject using statistics, scientific objectivity to measure large groups *measure thousands of people macro level like in a scientific lab*

Front 19

Experiment?

Back 19

Investigates the impact of certain variables on a sub ject's attitude or behavior (looking for cause and effect relationship and use control group and experiment group)

Front 20

Secondary Analysis

Back 20

Using data that has already been collected

Front 21

population

Back 21

thee group that focus of the study

Front 22

Sample

Back 22

part of the population selected to represent the whole

Front 23

Random Sample

Back 23

Every person has a chance of being selected

Front 24

Questionaire

Back 24

the actual instrument itself (sheet of paper)

Front 25

Open vs Closed Ended Questions

Back 25

Depends on survery, most are closed and forces a respondant into answering
Open wants you open, how you feel, what is the best, what needs improvement

Front 26

Field Research/Partcipant Observation

Back 26

Researchers observe people while joining in on their activites
You become part of the gorup you are studying
It is qualitative

Front 27

Culture?

Back 27

Norms Beliefs Values and Language of any particular group
It is LEARNED

Front 28

Culture SHock

Back 28

Emotional reaction to loss of what you know

Front 29

Cultural Baggage

Back 29

Stereotypes you take with you to a new culture usually hinders your experience if you stick to them

Front 30

Cultural Relativism

Back 30

Conflicts with ethnocentrism with whats right, EX: execution of african women you has been raped

Front 31

Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis

Back 31

Language shapes the view of reality of its speaks and helps define a culture

Front 32

Jargon, colloquialism

Back 32

pop, soda, or coke depends on region
related to the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis

Front 33

Values

Back 33

Collective conception of what is considered good, proper, desireable
What we see as important might not be important somewhere else
Learned from friends, family, church, and media

Front 34

Norms

Back 34

Guidelines for what we should do
Go hand and hand with values

Front 35

Formal Vs Informal Norms

Back 35

I: folkways, everyday norms, punishment isnt severe EX: traffic Violation, EX: of letting someone on the highway and waving, and chivalry
F: federal Laws

Front 36

Folkways

Back 36

Everday Norms

Front 37

Mores

Back 37

Norms that have great moral significance, EX: murder and setting a cross on fire

Front 38

Taboo

Back 38

Pedophilia, canabalism, necrophelia, and incest

Front 39

Sanctions

Back 39

Penalites or rewards

Front 40

Subculture

Back 40

A world within the larger world of the dominant culture, section of a particular society and subgroup that follows norms and values set by the society but not necessarly against the rest of society, EX: skate boarders, hiphop, gangs, possible gay and lessbrian

Front 41

Counter Culture?

Back 41

Cultural Patterns that strongly oppose those widely accepted in society
Has to be organized and pollitically involved
Ex: omish, boston tea part, and poligamist

Front 42

Invention?

Back 42

Each shift in society is largely associated with invintion (Industrialization, age of information)

Front 43

Discovery?

Back 43

Typically Medical Break Throughs

Front 44

Dissusion?

Back 44

Traits are passed from one culture to another (based on ethnicity, age, and region)

Front 45

Cultural Lag?

Back 45

Refer to a period of maladjustment when the nonmaterial culture is still struggling to adapt to new material conditions

Front 46

Symbols

Back 46

Anything that meaningfully represents something else

Front 47

How important is social influence in human development

Back 47

Nature vs nurture
Born with disposition
Nurture is experience in your life that brings out the trait
Social Isolation is nurture related

Front 48

4 components that make up the self concept1

Back 48

1) physical self-what you look lioke
2) active self-do you play sports
3) social self-good friend
4) psychological self-values and where they lie

Front 49

Self Esteem
Self Concept
Ideal Self

Back 49

1) difference between your self concept and your ideal self
2) who you think you are
3) who you want to be

Front 50

4 ways our self is formed

Back 50

1) communicating with others
2) family and friends
3) media
4) we also form the self by trying different behaviors to see how others will react

Front 51

The looking GLass Self ( COOKLEY)

Back 51

1) we develop our sense of self from the perceptions of others
2) it is based on our perceptions of how other people think of us

Front 52

4 Agents of Socialization

Back 52

1) Family
2) School
3) Friends
4) Media

Front 53

Mass Media:
1) Inform us of?
2) Introduce us to?
3) They provide?
4) They make us aware of?
5) They _____ us?

Back 53

1) events
2) variety of people
3) an array of viewpoints on current issues
4) products and services
5) entertain

Front 54

Mass Media:
1) TV fact
2) media socializes us in ways that we are?

Back 54

1) us children, upon graduation, will have spent more time watching tv than going to school
2) unaware of

Front 55

Re socialization

Back 55

process of learning a new and different set of attitudes, values and behaviors from those in one's background

Front 56

Difference between voluntary resocialization and involvuntary?

Back 56

involuntary = prison
military falls in between voluntary and involuntary

Front 57

Family:
1) is the what?
2) primary source of?
3) form our sense of?
4) contributes to what?

Back 57

1) most important agent of socialization in all societies
2) emotional support
3) selves and acquire most of our beliefs and values here
4) false consciousness-idea that we believe everyone else is like us

Front 58

School:
1) more than what percent of children are in pt/ft day care
2) what have daycares shown
3) schools teach?
4) schools have a profound effect on?

Back 58

1) 61%
2) that these programs have an overall positive effect on socialization
3) knowledge and skill
4) children's self image, beliefs and values

Front 59

Friends:
1) contribute to our?
2) self?
3) teach us?
4) reinforce?

Back 59

1) sense of belonging
2) worth
3) acceptable behavior within the group
4) cultural norms

Front 60

Mass Media:
1) inform us of?
2) introduce us to a variety of?
3) they provide an array of?
4) they make us aware of?
5) they _____us?

Back 60

1) events
2) people
3) viewpoints on current issues
4) of product and services
5) entertain

Front 61

Social Construction of Reality:
1) We attach meaning to
2) We try to interpret others
3) we Assignen meaning based on
4) our meanings come from
5) social reality is constructed by our

Back 61

1) other peoples actions
2) motivation for their behaviors
3) our perceptions evaluations and definitions
4) norms and values we have been taught in dominant culture
5) social interaction

Front 62

Social Institutions:
1) examples
2) Functionalist think?
3) conflict think?
4) interactionist think?

Back 62

1) economy, healthcare, the family, mass media, government, religion, and education
2) these institutions all must work together for the order and stability of society
3) institutions in our society are designed to benefit the wealthy/privleged, while setting others up for failure, it is an unfair system
4) our social self is based onn what groups we belong to and in which institutions we function-this will create our social reality

Front 63

Social Status:
1) ascribed status?
2) achieved status?
3) master status?

Back 63

1) one that you are born with or cant change about yourself (typically gender, race, age, etc)
2) accomplishments/your efforts (church choir member, high school graduate, officer in the military)
3) status that dominates your life/most important, it determines your position in society. If could be the work you do, the family you create

Front 64

Social Roles:
1) Each status has?
2) Sometimes we experience Role conflict which is?
3) Sometimes we experience Role Strain which is?

Back 64

1) multiple roles-expectations of behavior for a status
2) expectations/ behavior of seperate statuses or one person conflict Ex: test from campus but you have work
3) conflicting demands/expectations in one status Ex: you have multiple tasks to complete at the same time for your job

Front 65

Role Exit:
1) Process of what?
2) we do this when?
3) 4 step process?

Back 65

1) disengaging from a role that is central to your self-concept/identity
2) we have completed a stage of our lives and are preparing for something new
3) doubt, search for alternatives, departure, and creations of new identity

Front 66

Personal Space (proxemics)
1) Part of our everyday?
2) 4 distance zones

Back 66

1) life and emphasizes and defines our relationships
2) dublic distance 12 ft
social distance 4-12 ft
personal distance 18"-4ft
intimate distance 0-18"

Front 67

Tactile Communication (touch):
1) It Defines
2) must be what?

Back 67

1) relationships
2) gender, women cant get slapped on the butt in sports from their coach

Front 68

Dramaturgy (presentation of self)
1) def
2) management?
3) face saving behavior?

Back 68

1) life is like a stage play
2) we manage others impressions of us
3) when a performance doesnt come off right (when you fall you limp or laugh it off)

Front 69

Sociocultural Evolution:
1) this is the thought that?

Back 69

if we look at advancement of technology through time, we canalso examine cultural changes and evolvement