Social Studies Unit 2 Test

Front 1

Cultural Contact

Back 1

The integration of diverse cultures and perspectives which may result in changes in values, beliefs and traditions.

Front 2

Perspective

Back 2

A persons worldview, one that has developed from its collective experience.

Front 3

Depopulation

Back 3

The reduction of a population in a region because of loss of contact, disease, lows or resources, cultural change or assimilation.

Front 4

International Trade

Back 4

The interchange of raw materials and manufactured goods amount distant groups of people.

Front 5

The Silk Road

Back 5

An extensive interconnected network of trade routes across the Asian continent connecting East, South and Western Asia with the Middle East, as well as North and North Eastern Africa and Europe.

Front 6

Colony

Back 6

A territory under the immediate political control of a distant nation-state country.

Front 7

Mercantilism

Back 7

An economic theory or system that says the aim of all economic pursuits should be to strengthen the power and wealth of the state (specifically the monarch)

Government-sponsored international business ventures, such as colonies and trading companies were part of this system.

Front 8

Ethnocentrism

Back 8

The belief that your own cultural values and customs are superior to all others; the tendency to look at the world primarily from the perspective of one's own culture

Front 9

Eurocentrism

Back 9

The belief that European cultural values and customs are superior to all others; the tendency to look at the world primarily through a European perspective

Front 10

Capitalism

Back 10

An economic system that is designed to allow individuals to increase their personal wealth

Front 11

Free Market

Back 11

A market in which trade is unregulated (free from government intervention)

The free market is strongly associated with capitalism

Front 12

Entrepreneur

Back 12

A person who establishes his or her own business and is willing to take risks in order to earn a profit

Front 13

Industrialization

Back 13

The establishment of an economic and social system characterized by large industries, machine production, and the concentration of workers in urban areas

Front 14

Exploitation

Back 14

The act of using something or someone in an unjust or cruel manner; taking advantage of or using other people for selfish purposes

Front 15

Imperialism

Back 15

A policy of extending one’s rule over foreign countries; the practice of one country extending its control over the territory, political system, or economic life of another country

Front 16

Protectorate

Back 16

An area that maintained its own sovereignty (political control) but was guided by a European country; a territory partly controlled by (but not in possession of) another country but independent in internal affairs

Front 17

Sphere of Influence

Back 17

A region in which a European country attempted to control both politics and economics; a geographical area in which one nation is very influential

Front 18

Residential Schools

Back 18

Boarding schools funded by the Canadian government, and operated by churches, for aboriginal children from sparsely populated settlements

Front 19

Paternalistic

Back 19

Treating people in a fatherly way, especially by providing for them without giving them rights and responsibilities.

Front 20

The Silk Road and its role in making the world more interdependent

Back 20

The silk road allowed merchants, diplomats, and travellers to travel and trade along routes, allowing new goods to be transported throughout Asia and Europe.

Front 21

The Columbian Exchange

Back 21

The Columbian Exchange was the widespread exchange of animals, plants, culture, human populations, communicable diseases, technology and ideas between the American and Afro-Eurasian hemispheres.

Front 22

Imperialism (its three forms) 

Back 22

Sphere of Influence, Protectorate,Colony

Front 23

Imperialism and the motivations behind it (Two)

Back 23

Economic
The “White Man’s Burden”

Front 24

Cottage Industries

Back 24

An early stage of economic development in which workers produce limited number of goods in their homes.

Front 25

Capitalism and Adam Smith’s Ideas

Back 25

~ Entrepreneurs should be allowed to operate with little or no government intervention in the administration of their businesses.
~ More entrepreneurs leads to more reinvesting of profits into other business ventures, which leads to higher levels of employment, which leads to more products being created that are more satisfying to more people (supply and demand)
~ The hardest working, most entrepreneurial individuals become the most successful in a competitive business environment largely driven by self-interest.

Front 26

Communism and Karl Marx’s Ideas

Back 26

~ Not allowing government to intervene in the administration of business at all leads to ordinary workers being taken advantage of by owners of the businesses that employ them.
~ Government-run enterprises are best since they are not operated by private owners who value profits above all else, including the well-being of ordinary workers.

Front 27

Differences between the Mercator and Gall-Peters Maps (Criticisms of Both)

Back 27

Mercator:
- does not show land accurately but useful for navigation
-shows Europe as larger than really is
Gall-Peters:
-shows the world's continents according to their actual land area
-positions are not accurate.

Front 28

The European and Aboriginal World Views

Back 28

European:
-Triangle
Aboriginal:
-Circle

Front 29

The Oka Crisis

Back 29

The Oka Crisis occurred when the Mohawk First Nations claimed land was being set to build a golf course expansion over the land. Many were injured but finally negotiated a settlement.

Front 30

The Zapatistas

Back 30

The Zapatistas movement allows young people to go to the Chiapas and work for the poorest region in Mexico