Social Studies Gr. 7 Final Exam

Front 1

Redcoats

Back 1

What they called British soldiers (because of their jackets).

Front 2

Second Continental Congress

Back 2

2nd group of delegates from the colonies.

Front 3

Continental Army

Back 3

Forge that would soon include soldiers from all colonies and would carry out the fight against the British.

Front 4

Minutemen

Back 4

Local militia who got their name because they were ready at a minute's notice.

Front 5

George Washington

Back 5

Virginian who commanded the army. (Also the 1st president of the US.)

Front 6

Battle of Bunker Hill

Back 6

Famous conflict called this even though it actually launched from Breed's Hill.

Front 7

Declaration of Independence

Back 7

Document that formally announced the colonies' break from Britain.

Front 8

Patriots

Back 8

Colonists who sided with the rebellion and wanted to break free from Britain.

Front 9

Loyalists

Back 9

Colonists who chose to side with the British.

Front 10

Common Sense

Back 10

Pamphlet distributed in Jan 1776 and argued that citizens, not kings and queens should make laws.

Front 11

Thomas Paine

Back 11

Author of Common Sense.

Front 12

Thomas Jefferson

Back 12

Main author of the Declaration of Independence.

Front 13

John Paul Jones

Back 13

Accidentally killed the leader of a mutiny, fled to America, and added Jones to his name.

Front 14

Battle of Saratoga

Back 14

Battle that took place in NY was a turning point in the war.

Front 15

Marquis de Lafyette

Back 15

Frenchman who brought his own ship and came to America in 1777. He brought well-trained soldiers and fought without pay.

Front 16

Bernardo de Galvez

Back 16

Governor of Spanish Louisiana, gathered a small army of Spanish soldiers, French Americans, colonists, and Native Americans who siezed British posts all the way to Florida.

Front 17

Mercenaries

Back 17

Foreign soldiers who fought for pay, not out of loyalty.

Front 18

Battle of Trenton

Back 18

Important Patriot victory.

Front 19

Francis Marion

Back 19

Organized Marion's Brigade, a group of geurilla soldiers.

Front 20

Battle of Yorktown

Back 20

Last major battle of the American Revolution.

Front 21

Treaty of Paris 1783

Back 21

Peace agreement in which Britain recognized independence of the US.

Front 22

Ratification

Back 22

Official approval.

Front 23

Land Ordinance of 1785

Back 23

Set up a system for surveying and dividing western land.

Front 24

Suffrage

Back 24

Right to vote.

Front 25

Articles of Confederation

Back 25

Document that said Congress would become the single branch of the new national gvt, but would have limited powers in order to protect people's liberty.

Front 26

Magna Carta

Back 26

Document that made the king subject to law.

Front 27

Constitution

Back 27

A set of basic principles and laws that states the powers and duties of the government.

Front 28

Shays Rebellion

Back 28

Uprising of farmers to protest high taxes.

Front 29

Tariffs

Back 29

Taxes on imports or exports.

Front 30

Interstate Commerce

Back 30

Trade between two or more states.

Front 31

Depression

Back 31

Period of low economic activity combined with a rise in unemployment.

Front 32

Great Compromise

Back 32

Agreement to create a two-house legislature.

Front 33

Three-Fifths Compromise

Back 33

agreement that only 3/5 of a state's slave pop. would count when determining representation.

Front 34

Popular Sovereignty

Back 34

Idea that political authority belongs to the people.

Front 35

Federalism

Back 35

Sharing of power btw. a central gvt. and states that make up a country.

Front 36

Legislation Branch

Back 36

Congress; responsible for proposing and passing laws.

Front 37

Executive Branch

Back 37

Includes Pres. and departments that help run the government.

Front 38

Judicial Branch

Back 38

Made up of the national courts.

Front 39

Checks and Balances

Back 39

Keeps gvt. from becoming too powerful.

Front 40

Federalist Papers

Back 40

Series of essays supporting the constitution; written anonymously by Hamilton, Madison and Jay.

Front 41

Amendments

Back 41

Official Changes

Front 42

Bill of Rights

Back 42

10 proposed amendments intended to protect citizens' rights.

Front 43

Thurgood Marshall

Back 43

1st African-American justice

Front 44

Sandra Day O'Connor

Back 44

1st female justice

Front 45

Impeach

Back 45

Vote to bring serious charges against a president.

Front 46

Veto

Back 46

Cancel

Front 47

Executive orders

Back 47

Commands with pwr. of law.

Front 48

Pardon

Back 48

Freedom from punishment.

Front 49

Double Jeopardy

Back 49

Charging someone multiple times for the same offense.

Front 50

Eminent Domain

Back 50

Government's power to take personal property to benefit the public.