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172 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Indus river
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river that empties into the Araibian sea
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Ganges River
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River in northern India that runs south of the Himalayas and into the Indian ocean
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Monsoons
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strong wind that blows one direction in the winter and the opposite in the summer
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subcontinent
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large landmass that is part of a continent but disconnected
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Himalayas
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highest mountain in the world in southern Asia
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Hinduism
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religion of India that stresses that one main force connects all life
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caste system
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saicial system in which a persons place is determined by the rank if the family in which that person is born into
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riencarnation
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belife that people move in the constint cycle of life death and re bearth
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Dharma
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laws and duities that guide the behavior of each caste member
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buddhism
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religion founded y Siddhartha Guatama which teaches that the most inportant thing in life is to reach peace by the end of suffering
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monk
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man who devoted him self to a religous group
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Karma
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end result of a persons good and bad acts which determens their re birth
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Four noble truths
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principles that rule life and promise a end to suffering
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middle way
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way of life, not to strict or to easy
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Siddartha Guatama
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known as tha Buddah, started buddism
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sanskirt
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written launguage devoloped by the Aryans
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Guru
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religous teacher and spiritual guid
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nirvana
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state of wisdom and freedom from the cycle of rebirth
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theocracy
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Gov. ruled by religous leaders
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dynasty
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long line of rulers from the same family
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stupus
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buddist shrineshaped like a mound or dome
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pilgrim
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person who travels for religous reasons
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Aryans
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people from central/south Asia who conquerd Harappans and devoloped the castes system and sanskirt
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Brahman
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in hinduism universal spriit from which all gods/goddesses are different
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pennisula
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body of land and water on three sides
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colonies
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settement in a new territory that keeps close ties withh its home land
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polis
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early greek city/state mase up of a city and the surrounding country
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acropolis
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large hill where people sought shelter and safter and at hard times water
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agora
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open area that served as a meeting and a market place
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jury
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group of citezins choosen to hear evidence and make a decision in a court
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citizen
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person with rights and responsibilities in his/her community or country
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assembly
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lawmaking bodyof gov.made up of a group of citezens
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tyrrant
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person who takes power by force and rules with absoulute power
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oligarchy
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gov. in which a few elite wealthy people rule ; olig means few archy mean ruler ship
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democracy
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gov. in which all citezens share the running of the gov. 1st started in Greece Athens : Demo means people Cracy means power
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monoarchy
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gov. riled by king or queen: mono means 1 archy means rulership
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city-state
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independent state made up of a city and the surroundin land and villages
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Sparta
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largest of the ancient city-states
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Athens
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city-state in Greece which was developed into a democracy most powerful. 1st olympics
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Helots
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person who was conquerd and enslaved by sparta
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Persia
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area which is now south west Iran
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satrapies
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20 states into whish Darius divided the persian empire
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satrap
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officia who ruled a state in persian empire
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Zorostrianism
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Persian religion; tought humans that they had a right to choose from right from wrong nand goodness would win in the end
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Direct democracy
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system of Gov. in which ALL people gather to make decisions on gov. matters
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Represenitive democracy
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system in which people elect others to speak for them in gov. matters
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pericles
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great athenian general and staes man; expanded democracy by allowin lower class male citezens to run for office
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Myths
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tratiional story describing gods or heros explaning natural events
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mount olympus
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highest mountain in greece where the gods live
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oracle
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sacred shrinespoke for the gods
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Delphi
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ancient greek city site of the pracle at the temple of apollo
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epics
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long poem that tell about lengendary or heric deeds
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Homer
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GReek poet autor of epics
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Aesop
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greek slave known for fables
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fable
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short tale that teaches leasoons
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Drama
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story told by actors whjp pretented to be someone else
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tragedy
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form of drama in which a person struggles
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comedy
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from of dram when the ending is happy
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euripides
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greek play write known for his tragidies
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philosophy
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study of nature and the meaning of life
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philosophore
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thinker who seeks widom and ponders qeustions in life
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macedonia
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powerfull kingdom north of greece
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Philip the second
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king of Macedonia conquerd the greek city-state and controlled Greece in 338 B.C, he was murdured
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Alexandria
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large city in Egypt built by Alexander the great. most imporatant city in the world
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Alexander the great
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general. son of Philip the second. continued fathers plan to expaned greece.
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lagacy
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what a person leaves behind when they die
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Hellenistic Era
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period of time when Greek ideas and language spread to non greek people of south west asia
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Epicureanism
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philosophy that taught the happiness through persuit of pleasure was the goal of life
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stoicism
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philosophy that taught that happiness came not from following emotions but from ones duties
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Romulus and remus
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twin brothers who founded rome. they were rescued by a river by a wolf. romulus who killed remus won to be the first king of Rome
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Etruscans
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people from north of Rome who ruled for 100 years, during this time Rome became more powerfull with cities and houses
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republic
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form of gov. where the citezens choose represenitives to speak for them
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legions
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small unit of a romen army made up of 6000 soilders
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paticians
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wealthy land owners nand a member of the ruling class
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plebians
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poor, farmer trader common people
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consul
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person who is choosen every 2 years to run the gov.
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veto
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to reject
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praetors
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important gov. official
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senate
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law making body most important branch
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tribune
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elected leader who represented pelebians
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dictator
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person who ruled with complete and absoulute pwer
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twelve tables
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earliest written laws in Rome.made by pratricians
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punic wars
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series of conflicts between rome and carthage ending with rome winning
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Carthage
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large and rich city on the coast of west africa founded by phoenicians rival is romans
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hannibal
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great general for carthage
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latifundia
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large farming estates
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julius caeser
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member of the first trimutive who ruled rome assasinated in 44 b.c. march 15th after declaring dictator of rome
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triumvirate
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3 person ruling group
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octavain
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grand nephew of julius ceaser created 2nd triumvirate
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antony
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top geneal under julius caeser and part of the second triumvirate
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augustus
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title taken by octavine when he became emporer of rome expanded rome reconized military and gov.
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empire
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group of territories or nations inder a single ruler
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pax romana
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"romen peace" long era of peace and saftey
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aqueduct
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human made channel built to carry water
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currency
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system of money
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satires
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work that pokesfun at human weakness
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odes
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poem that expresses strong emotions about life
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virgil
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writter and author of an epic poem the aeneid
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Horace
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poet who wrote sitries and odes
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ptolemy
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scientist who studies the sky and mapped over 1000 stars
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forum
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open space used as marketing place or meeting place
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gladiators
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people who faught animals as enterteanment most of them slves
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paterfamilias
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name of the father who ran the house hold
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rhetoric
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public speaking
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spartucus
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gladiator who led the slave revolt
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polytheism
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belife in many gods and goddesses
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plague
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dieses that spreads quickly and kills many people
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infliation
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period of rapidly risong prices
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barter
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to echange goods or services without using money
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diocletin
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general who became emporer reforms failed and divided empire into 4 sections becasue it was to big for one person to control
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reforms
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changes that try to bring about improvments
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consantine
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general who became empereor after diocletin 1rst cristian empereor and stopped persuccution of cristians
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saints
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christian holy people
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regent
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person who is a temp.ruler
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christianity
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religion based on the teachings of jesus which is recorded in the new testement
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Justinian
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emporer of the byzantine empire wantedto reunite the roman empire
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jerusulum
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capitol of isreal
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Judea
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judah one of the 2 kingdoms in isreal
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essiah
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deliveror sent be god
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jesus
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jew who preached values of love and frgivness perforemed manymircles and wanted people to turn away from be deeds
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Narzereth
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home of Jesus
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Galilee
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regio north of Judea were jesus preached
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diciples
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close fllowers of jesus
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parables
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stories of everyday lives to express spiritual ideas
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rssurection
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act of rising from the dead
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apostols
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early christian leader who helped set up churches and spread themessage of jesus
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peter
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1 of the 12 desiples early christian leader and founder of the catholic churches
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paul
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persucuted christians but later converted to christianity spread word to non jews
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salavation
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act of bieng saved by a sin and allowed to go to heaven
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persacute
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to mstreat someone because of there belifes
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matyrs
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person who'd rather die han give up there beiliefs
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hieracrhy
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organaztion with different levals of authority
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clergy
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religios officials
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laity
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church members who are not clergy
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doctrine
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church teachings
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gospel
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"good news" 1 of the four accounts to jesus
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pope
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bishope of rome
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icons
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chritian religous piture
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iconoclats
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person who is oppsed of using images
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excommunication
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to declare of person or group is no longer part of a church
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manastaries
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where monks live and work
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missioniaries
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person who travles telling people about jesus and religion
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dynasty
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long line of rulers from the same family
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nobles
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member of ruling family
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aritocrates
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nobles who have whealth
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oracle bones
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cattle or sheep bones used to predict the future
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emporer
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ruler of an empire
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great wall of china
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long defense wll 1500 miles long
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confuciasim
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religion of philosophy started by cnfucians
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madat of heaven
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empores right to rule came from heven
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confucious
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man who founded confuciaism
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pictographs
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character that stands for an objet
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ideographs
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chareter that joins 2 or more pictographes
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social class
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group of people who share different positions
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filial piety
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childrens respect for adults and grandparents
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daoism
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religion or philosphy started by laozi
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legalisim
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started by hanfiezi evil needed to be ruled by harsh laws
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silk road
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trade route across china
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walords
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military leader
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economy
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waty for pople to produce and sell item
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reform
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change that brings out improvment
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monk
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man who devots life to religion
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nun
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women who devotes life to religion
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tribes
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groups of related families
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gobi desert
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vast desert in mongolia
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genghis kahn
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mongolian ruler and warior
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kublahia kahn
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grandson of ganghis who continues conquest of china
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treason
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disloyalty to the gov.
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barbarians
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uncivalized people
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mongols
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people of mongolia
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steppes
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wide rolling grassy plain
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cenus
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a count of the numper o people
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