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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Who were the federalist and democratic republican candidates for the election of 1800 |
Federalist Adams for second term Charles Pinckney as VP
Republican Thomas Jefferson for president Aaron Burr as running mate |
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What didn't Jefferson and Adams do for their campaign and why? What did they do? |
Didn't travel around the country making speeches about why they should be elected Considered bad taste
Wrote hundreds of letters to leading citizens or newspapers to publicize their views
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How did the electoral college vote during the election of 1800? Why did the House of Representatives have to decide the election? Why was there a tie? |
Jefferson and burr each received 73 votes
Because there was a tie
Electors voted for each presidential candidate and vp candidate individually instead of together
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What were the results of the election of 1800 after the House of Representatives took over the decision of the election |
Jefferson was president and Burr VP |
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Why did congress pass the 12th amendment and when was it ratified ? What did this amendment require |
To prevent another showdown between a presidential and a vice presidential candidate 1804
Requires electors to vote for president and VP on separate ballots |
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When was Jefferson inaugurated What were his ideals similar to |
March 4, 1801
The French philosophy laissez-faire |
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What does laissez-faire mean |
French for Let people do as they choose |
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What did Jefferson believe |
Large federal government threatened liberty
Vigilant states could best protect freedom
The reducing of the power and size of the federal government |
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What did Jefferson believe the strength of the U.S. Was? Why? |
It's independent farmers As long as most people owned their own property , they would fight to protect their rights and to preserve the republic |
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What were Jeffersons ideas of how to make the U.S. A success |
Believed in strength of independent farmers
Favored western expansion
Believe federal government should be kept small; wanted to reduce size of military |
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What kind of men did Jefferson surround himself with in his cabinet? Who was his Secretary of State and treasury? |
Those who shared his republican principles
James Madison Albert Gallatin |
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What two unpopular federalist measures soon ended under the new government |
Allowed the alien and sedition acts to expire
Repealed naturalization acts |
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How did Jefferson and Gallatin try to reduce the national debt |
Cut military expenses
Persuaded congress to repeal taxes so funds would come form customs duties
Sale of western lands |
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What are customs duties What are the only sources of government funds |
Taxes on foreign imported goods
Customs duties Sale of western lands |
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What did Jefferson believe the responsibilities of the national government were |
Limited to delivering the mail Collecting customs duties Conducting census every 10 years |
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Before Jefferson took office, the federalists passed the judicatory act of 1801. What did it set up? |
Regional courts for the U.S. With 16 judges and many other judicial officials |
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What did Adams do in his last days as president ? What did these actions do? |
Made hundreds of appointments to positions set up in judiciary act of 1801
Asked John Marshall ( Secretary of State) to serve as Chief Justice
These actions shut president elect Jefferson out of appointment process and ensured federal stud would control the courts
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Why couldn't the papers for the judicial appointments by Adams take effect? What did Jefferson Make sure his VP doo? |
Papers( commission) for the appointments weren't delivered
Told Madison not to deliver them |
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Who's commission wasn't sent? What did he do ? |
William Marbury
Took case directly to supremes court to be heard |
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Why did Marbury bring his case to the Supreme Court to be heard |
Claimed had jurisdiction as a result of the Judiciary Act of 1789 |
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What did John Marshall do as a response to Marbury? What did he note? |
Wrote an opinion turning down Marbury's claim
Constitution did not give the court jurisdiction to decide Marbury's case |
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What three principles of judicial review did Marshall set out in his opinion |
The constitution is the supreme law of the land
When there is a conflict between the constitution and any other law, the constitution must be followed
Judicial branch has a duty to uphold the constitution. Must be able to determine when a federal law conflicts with the constitution and to nullify or cancel unconstitutional laws |
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What is a judicial review |
The right of the Supreme Court to determine if a law violates the constitution |
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What did Marshalls three principles of judicial review do |
Extended power of the court
Broadened federal power at the expense of the states |
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What did the court do in McCulloch vs Maryland ? |
Held that the elastic Clause allows congress to do more than the constitution expressly authorizes it to do |
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What did the court do in Gibbons vs Ogden |
Held that the federal law takes precedence over state law in interstate transportation |
