Social Studies Ch 4 Sec 4

Front 1

what was the war that raged in north america between 175s0-1760s a part of?

Back 1

one part of a larger struggle between England and France for control of: world trade
power on the seas

Front 2

where did the French have control?

Back 2

from the st lawerence river in Canada to new Orleans

Front 3

what allowed the French to control large areas of land extending form the st Lawrence river in Canada to new Orleans?

Back 3

their network of alliances with the native Americans

Front 4

alliances

Back 4

unions

Front 5

who fought the French and native americans during the early stages of the French and Indian war ? who did they tecieve little help from ?

Back 5

British colonists

Britain

Front 6

who did Great Britain appoint in 1754?

Back 6

General Edward Braddock
(commander and chief of the British forces in america)

Front 7

why was General Edward Braddock appointed by Great Britain?

Back 7

to drive out the French from the Ohio valley

Front 8

what did Braddock do in 1755?

Back 8

set out from Virginia with soldiers militia and washington to travel through the forest to Fort Duquesne

Front 9

why did the treck to fort duquesne take several weeks?who tried to warn Braddock?

Back 9

had to trek through dense forest

style of marching not suited for frontier

Washington

Front 10

what happened during the trek to Fort Duquesne?

Back 10

the British were ambushed by French and native americans

Front 11

why were there so many casualties when the French and native Americans attacked the British on their way to Fort Duquesne?

Back 11

It was an ambush

French and native Americans were firing from behind trees so the British couldn't see their attackers

bright red uniform made British easy targets

Front 12

what happened during the ambush?

Back 12

Braddock was killed

chaos

high casualties (1,000)

Front 13

who led the survivors of the ambush back to Virginia?

Back 13

Washington

Front 14

what did Great Britain do in 1756?

Back 14

declared war on France

Front 15

what was the war between France, their Native American allies, and Britain(French and Indian war) called?

Back 15

Seven Years War

Front 16

before declaring war on France, Britain formed an allinace with Prussia. what did Prussia do to assist the British?

Back 16

Prussia fought France and its allies in Europe while Britain fought France in the Caribbean, India, and North America

Front 17

How were the first years of war disastrous for the British and their American colonies?

Back 17

French troops captured several British forts

French Native American allies staged raids on frontier farms and settlements

Front 18

what caused Great Britain's prospects in America to improve ?

Back 18

William Pitt coming to power as secretary of state then as prime minister

Front 19

what did Pitt do to avoid having to deal with constant argumemts from the colonies about the cost of the war? what happened because of Pitts decision?

Back 19

Pitt decided that Great Britain would pay for supplies needed in war, no matter the cost

Pitt ran up an enormous debt

Front 20

what did britian do to help pay Pitts debt after the war? how did Pitt react?

Back 20

raised the colonists' taxes

only delayed the moment when the colonists had to pay their share of the bill

Front 21

what did Pitt want?

Back 21

a clear path to the Western territories

to conquer French Canada

Front 22

who did Pitt hire to fill his request?

Back 22

Jeffrey Amherst
James Wolfe

Front 23

what did Jeffrey Amherst and James Wolfe do?

Back 23

led many British forces to regain control of forts such as:

fortress at Louisbourg
Fort Duquesne in Pennsylvania
Fort Frontenac at Lake Ontario

Front 24

what were some of the British forts that the French captured?

Back 24

forts at Lake Ontario
forts at Lake George

Front 25

in the year 1759, there were many British victories over the French. what are some examples?

Back 25

captured several French islands in the West Indies

Defeated French in India

Front 26

what was considered the greatest British attack in 1759?

Back 26

James Wolfe attacked Quebec, the capitol of New France

Front 27

what was thought to be impossible to attack

Back 27

French Quebec, the capital of New France

Front 28

how did wolf attack Quebec?

Back 28

His scouts found a poorly gaurded path and overwhelmed the guards posted there
troops gathered on the Plains of Abraham
surprise attached the French and defeated them

Front 29

where did British troops assemble during a surprise attack on Quebec?

Back 29

on a field called the Plains of Abraham

Front 30

what happens during the Surprise attack on Quebec?

Back 30

James Wolfe dies

French commamder : Maquis de Montcalm dies

Front 31

what brought the fighting in North America to an End ?

Back 31

the fall of Quebec and General Amherst's capture of Montreal

Front 32

what were the terms of surrender for the French in The Treaty of Paris
and when was it made?

Back 32

able to keep some islands in the West Indies

forced to give up Canada and land west of Mississippi River(Louisiana Territory)

1763

Front 33

why did the British gain Spainish Florida?

Back 33

Spain was an ally of France, so when France was defeated, the British gained Florida from the Spanish

Front 34

what was the effect of The Treaty of Paris?

Back 34

It marked the end of French power in North America

Divided North America between Great Britain and Spain with the Mississippi river marking the boundary

Front 35

why did the British victory over the French deal a blow to the Native Americans of the Ohio River Valley?

Back 35

Lost French allies and trading partners(still traded with British but seen as enemy)

British raised prices of goods

British didn't pay for the use of Native American land

British moved into valley of western Pennsylvania

Front 36

who did the British victory over the French affect?

Back 36

the Native Americans of the Ohio River Valley

Front 37

Pontiac, an Ottawa cheif, saw that the British settlers threatened the Native American way of life. What was Pontiacs plan to stop this

Back 37

unite native Americans to fight British
-----> Puts together alliance in 1763

Front 38

what does Pontiac and his alliance do?

Back 38

attacked the British fort at Detroit

captured and controlled most of British outposts in Great Lakes Region

killed settlers along Pennsylvania and Virginia frontiers

Front 39

what was Pontiac's and his alliance's series of raids called?

Back 39

Pontiac's War

Front 40

why did Pontiacs war end?

Back 40

native Americans failed to capture important British strongholds such as:

Niagra
Fort Pitt
Detroit

Front 41

when did pontiacs war end? what happened?

Back 41

In August 1765 after British troops defeated Pontiac's allies

peace treaty signed in 1766

Pontiac given pardon

Front 42

what did the British do to prevent more fighting ?

Back 42

called a halt to the settlers westward expansion with the Proclamation of 1763

Front 43

what did the proclamation of 1763 do?

Back 43

declared that the Appalachian mtns were the temporary western boundary for the colonies

created friction between Britain and American colonists