Social Studies Assessment Civil War

Front 1

north and south advantages and disadvantages

Back 1

GOOD SOUTH
-North had to attack and defeat the South--if not, the Confederacy would become a separate country
-Defending homeland
-Good soldier skills-hunting
BAD SOUTH:
-few factories
-no manufactured goods from north
-small population
GOOD NORTH:
-BIGGER POPULATION
-MORE FACTORIES
-industry
-raillines
-strong navy
BAD NORTH:
military challenge
-had to conquer huge area
-invaded unfamilar land

Front 2

Presdient Davis

Back 2

-president of Confederacy
-strong leader

Front 3

Presiddnent Lincoln

Back 3

at first doubted, but then proved to be strong leader and fine war planner

Front 4

Union plans

Back 4

blockade southern ports
-cut of south's supply trade with europe
--seize control of mississippi to separate confederacy
-seize richmond virginia

Front 5

confederate plans

Back 5

stay home and fight a defensive ar so that northerns were tire and end

Front 6

battle of bull run

Back 6

clash of untrained troops showed that both sides needed training and that it would be a long and bloody war

Front 7

Merrimack and Monitor

Back 7

Merrimack-Confederate ironclad ship--Monitor-Union ironclad ship
-fought-in the end both were seriously damaged and withdrew

Front 8

rionclad ships

Back 8

changed naval warfare

Front 9

battle of antietam

Back 9

neither side won a clear victory but b/c lee had ordered his forces to withdraw, north claimed victory

Front 10

bloodiest battle of the civil war

Back 10

shiloh

Front 11

fall of vicksburg

Back 11

north tried twice to get it and got it second time. acheived 2 goals:
got mississippi rivver to divide confderacy and naval blockade

Front 12

emancipation proclamation

Back 12

as of january 1, 1863, anyone held as a slave in a state still in the rebellion against the u.s. would be freed
-europeans like it and would less likely help south
-happy northern african americans

Front 13

54th massachusetts regiment

Back 13

one of the fire all-black regiments that attacked fort wagner and won repect because of their courage

Front 14

civilians in revolution

Back 14

helped w/ food and supplies

Front 15

copperheads

Back 15

supporters of the civil war

Front 16

hardships of war

Back 16

deadly weapons, harsh battle conditions, crude medical care, and appalling prison camps

Front 17

bounties

Back 17

union gave payments to men who enlisted in the army

Front 18

draft

Back 18

in civil war

Front 19

how ppl got away with the darft

Back 19

they could pay money

Front 20

habeas corpus

Back 20

the right to have a haring before being jailed-lincoln would sometimes suspend this to stop draft riots and other disloyal practices

Front 21

profiteers

Back 21

overcharged the government for goods desperately needed for the war

Front 22

tax-in=kind

Back 22

confederates required farmers to turn over one tenth of their crops ot the government

Front 23

northern economy

Back 23

raised money by taxing luxury items
-issued bonds
-income tax
economic boost bc need of more farming machines

Front 24

southern economy

Back 24

printed so much money that wild inflation set

-affected cotton trade

Front 25

effect of northern blockade

Back 25

created many shortages for the south
south paid money for european goods that they never got bc of blockade

Front 26

Confederate victories

Back 26

Fredericksberg (one of Union's worst defeats) and Chancellorville (where lee decided to move north)

Front 27

Gettysburg--pickets charge

Back 27

conderate picket charged at union and lost. confederates would never again invade the north. the war had reached its turning point

Front 28

gettysburg address

Back 28

lincoln said civil war was a test of whether or not a democratic government could survice. reminded amerians that country was founded on "all men were created equal"

Front 29

total war

Back 29

in the pat, only soliders were involved in war. in total war, everyone was affected as the army destroyed food and equipment that might be useful to the enemy. Civilians in south suffered same harships as sldiers

Front 30

end of war

Back 30

richmond falls

Front 31

Appomattox Courthouse

Back 31

Lee and his army surrended here. Confederate soldiers were reuqired to turn over their rifles, but officers were allowed to keep pistols. SOldiers would had horses could keep them--SOutherners would need them for spring plowing

Front 32

freedmen

Back 32

men and women who had been slaves and now lived in the south with no land, no jobs, and no education

Front 33

Reconstruction

Back 33

Lincolns plan to rebuild the south

Front 34

ten percent plan

Back 34

a southern state could form a new government after 10 percent of its overs swore an oath of loyalty to the u.s. once it was formed, it had to abolish slavery.

Front 35

wade-davis bill

Back 35

challened 10% plan--required majory of white men in each state to swear loyalty but denied the right to vote or hold office to anyone who vlunteered to fight for confederacy--lincoln refused to sign

Front 36

freedmens bureau

Back 36

gave food and clothing to former slaves-tried to find them jobs-gave medical care to them and poor whites as well--set up schools and souths publicschools and colleges

Front 37

thirteenth amendment

Back 37

BANNED slavery throughout the nation

Front 38

johnson's reconstruction

Back 38

majority of voters to delcare loyalty

Front 39

rebellion in congress

Back 39

northerners regused to give southerners their seats after they led the south out of the union (ex. alexander stephens, former vp of confederacy)

Front 40

black codes

Back 40

laws that severly limited the rights of freedmen
ex. no voting, own guns, serve on juries
-could marry and own some kinds of property

Front 41

Radical Republicans

Back 41

led the opposition against johnson bc johnson ignored report from north on black codes

Front 42

radical goals

Back 42

break power of rich planters who ruled south for years
ensure freedmen the right to vote

Front 43

Civil Rights Act of 1866

Back 43

gave african americans citizenship

Front 44

fourteenth amendment

Back 44

granted citizenship to all persons born in the us

Front 45

radical reconstruction

Back 45

republicans took charge in congress with majorities.

Front 46

reconstruction act

Back 46

threw out southern state governments that refused to ratify the 14th amendment divided south into 5 military districts, confed. states had to write new constitutions. african americans had to vote in all states

Front 47

fifteenth amendment

Back 47

forbade any state from dneying african americans the right to vote bc of their race

Front 48

why did radical republicans want johnson impeached??

Back 48

he opposed the congressional reconstruction plan

Front 49

was johnson impeached

Back 49

no, republican senators knew johnson was not guilty of any crime

Front 50

carpetbaggers

Back 50

people from the north who moved south to get rich after the war

Front 51

scalawafs

Back 51

white southerners who opposed the Confederacy

Front 52

What did reconstruction governments do?

Back 52

built new schools, roads, and railroads
banned racial segregation

Front 53

sharecropping

Back 53

former plantation owners provided livestock, tools, and land to former slaves in exchange for a share of their crop---to deal with economic problems

Front 54

when did reconstruction end?

Back 54

when northern troops withdrew in 1877

Front 55

What happened after reconstruction ended in the south?

Back 55

former confederate leaders returned to power, and freedmen lost most of their newly achieved rights

Front 56

Ku Klux Klan

Back 56

terrorized southern blacks who challenged white control

Front 57

Jim crow laws

Back 57

passed in the south-segregated whites from blacks in schools and other public facilities

Front 58

Conservatives

Back 58

wanted the South to change as little as possible and for African Ameircans to not have a lot of rights

Front 59

plessy vs ferguson

Back 59

court ruled that "separate but equal" was legal

Front 60

Booker T Washington

Back 60

african american leader who wrote UP FROM Slavery

Front 61

WEB De DuBois

Back 61

founder of the NAACP who spoke out against injustices

Front 62

3 voting restrictions on african americans

Back 62

1) poll taxes-reuqired voters to pay-poor freedmen could barely afford it
2) literacy tests-required voters to read and explain difficult part of the constitution-freedmen had litte education
3) grandfather clauses-if a voters father or grandfather had been eligible to vote on January 1, 1867, the voter did not have to take a literacy test-african americans could not vote before 1868

Front 63

Dr. Mary E Walker

Back 63

new yorker who achieved fame as a surgeon with the union army

Front 64

dr. elizabeth blackwell

Back 64

first female doctor in the nation

Front 65

harriet tubman

Back 65

led some 300 runaway slaves to freedom