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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Archaeology |
The study of objects from the past. |
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Philosophy |
A theory or set of values by which one lives; the search for wisdom or knowledge. |
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Geography |
The physical features of an area. |
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Anthropology |
The study of human development and culture. |
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What types of features do political maps show? |
They show boundaries between political areas, such as states or nations, and cities. |
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What types of features do physics maps show? |
They show bodies of water, landforms like mountains and deserts. |
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What characteristics do all civilizations have? |
Culture, arts, government, technology, social structure, stable food supply, and religion. |
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Where did most early civilizations develop? Why? |
Most developed near rivers because they were a source of food and water. |
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What discovery began the Neolithic Age? |
Farming |
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What change in humans made it possible for hominids to develop new capabilities, such as walking upright, creating tools, etc.? |
The hominids brains got bigger. |
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Archaeologist |
An expert who studies the past by examining objects that people have left behind. |
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What is the time period before written history? |
Prehistory |
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What is an irrigation system and why was it important in ancient times? |
A means of supplying land with water for crops. |
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What is the strip of rich land located between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers known as? |
Mesopotamia |
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Polytheism |
Belief in more than one god. |
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What is a city-state? |
An early city that was a small, independent country with its own laws and government. |
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What is a ziggurat and why were they important? |
An ancient Mesopotamian temple. |
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What was the Code of Hammurabi and why was it important? |
It was a code of laws used to unify his empire and preserve order. It was the first code of laws that applied to everyone. |
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What structures, used as tombs, did the ancient Egyptians use to bury their pharaohs? |
Pyramids |
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What is a subcontinent? Which civilization that we studied was considered a subcontinent? |
It is a landmass, such as India, that is of great size, but is smaller than a subcontinent. |
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Why did the ancient Egyptians worship the pharaohs? |
They believed that the pharaohs were gods and that their word was law. |
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List the social structure of the ancient Egyptians. |
Pharaoh Government officials Priests Scribes Artisans Peasants |
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Why was the seasonal overthrow of the Nile River so important to ancient Egyptian society? |
Because the river provided natural irrigation. When it overflowed, it left behind a layer of silt, rich soil, that was perfect for farming. |
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Why did the ancient Egyptians preserve the bodies of the dead? |
They believed in life after death. They thought the spirits of the dead needed their bodies in the afterlife. |
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Where did people in ancient India settle? |
By the rivers - along the Indus River and the Ganges River. |
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What is a dynasty? |
It is a family or group that rules for several generations. |
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Why was the discovery of Chinese Oracle Bones so important? |
Because they proved that the Shang Dynasty really existed, and the inscription on them are the earliest known examples of Chinese writing. |
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What was the Silk Road and why was it important? |
It was a network of smaller trade routes that stretched more than 4,000 miles from China to Mediterranean ports. It connected the powerful Han and Roman Empires. |
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Why did ancient Chinese civilizations develop around river valleys? |
Because the rivers provide fertile soil when they flood, and water for irrigation. |
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What are myths and why are they important? |
They are traditional stories that help explain a culture's beliefs. |
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What were the Olympic Games and what did they originally celebrate? |
They were Greek athletic events to honor the gods and goddesses. |
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Which ancient civilization developed the form of government known as a democracy? |
Ancient Greece |
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Which ancient civilization developed the form of government known as a republic? |
Ancient Rome |
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Why did the Greeks establish Greek colonies in many places along the Mediterranean Sea? |
Colonies provide raw materials and food and serve as markets for Greek goods. |
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What was important to the people of Sparta? |
Discipline and strength |
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Why did Athens and Sparta temporarily unite around 500 BCE? |
To fight a common enemy - the Persians |
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Who is Alexander the Great and how did he extend the legacy of Greek culture? |
He established an empire from Macedonia and Greece through Central Asia and parts of India. He built Greek style cities. Settlers brought Greek laws, art and literature. Greek ideas then spread to Egypt, the Near East, and beyond. |
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Why wasn't the Greek system of government considered a true democracy? |
Because women, slaves, and foreigners were not considered citizens, so they were not allowed to participate in government. |
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What is the form of government in which the ruling power is in the hands of one person who is not a lawful king? |
Tyranny |
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Architecture |
The art of designing buildings. |
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How was Rome able to create and maintain such a large empire? |
They gradually fought wars to take new territory and had to defend what they had. |
