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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why did Europeans begin 2 look for a sea route to Asia?
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to find the north west passage- a waterway through north america
to control a valuable new trade route |
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What is the technology that made ocean exploration possible?
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improved compass, astrolab, ships, maps, money
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Marco Polo
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Italy
discovered wealth & riches in asia, wrote about it and everyone wanted to see for themselves |
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Prince Henry the navigator
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Portugal
started a school of navigation, impo sailed more than 2 monthsvement in technology goal to make it @ tip of africa to asia (ships, nav. devices, maps) eventually they did |
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Christopher Columbus
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ITALIAN BUT WORKED FOR SPAIN
sailed west around world to asia (didn't know @ Americas) He made it. He wanted to spread religion. called the people Indians but was really in carribbeans but he beleived he landed in asia. Credited as the discover of america. Never found spices/ silks |
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King Ferdinand & Queen Isabella
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financed columbus & expeditions of spain
cost VS benefits |
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why did europeans explore the americas?
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to reach the pacific ocean
looking for gold to help England compete for land lead 1st expedition around world looking for large wealthy asian cities |
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route of Vespucci:
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Vespucci:German mapmaker named a continent after him. 1499 sailed South of where Columbu sialed--to So america. Never found asia. Eventually americas were named after him.
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route of Giovanni Caboto ( aka John Cabot)
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King Henry of England sent him to lead an expedition
1487 sailed west north of Columbus journey and went to indies to help compete for land & wealth. Thought he had been to Asia. May have reached coast of Newfoundland, Canada |
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Vasco Nunez de Balboa
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lead first European expedition to reach Pacific Ocean. 1513 Spain sent him and he discovered Pacific Ocean.
went looking for gold on an isthmus. |
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Ferdinand Magellan
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1592 left Spain on 5 ships passed tip of south America. P many crew died--hunger/illness
Sailed 3+ months to cross killed in battle in Phillipine islands. 1st to sail around world. 1st to touch Asia. Named Pacific Ocean |
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Juan Ponce de Leon
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Spain searching for fountain of youth, never found it, claimed Florida instead.Sailed w/ Columbus on 1st voyage and claimed Puerto Rico.Named Florida, el flower
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Once Spain claimed land in Americas why did more Spanish explorers sail there?
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To find adventure and riches, national glory, convert Indians to Christianity
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To encourage explorers to lead expeditions, the Monarcy would offer large sums of money. What is that called?
What were these explorers and soldiers called? |
Grants
Conquistadors, or conquerors |
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Who started his exploration in Puerto Rico and what explorer went in search of the Fountain of Youth?
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Ponce de leon
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Explain what a gulf Stream is and where it is located
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One of the strongest ocean currents in the world--a faster-flowing part of a body of water
Starts in Gulf of Mexico and flows thru the Straits of Florida, travels North in the Atlantic Ocean |
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Hernando Cortez
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Landed in Mexico and met Indians who disliked Aztecs' harsh rule.
Indians wanted Spanish to help them fight Aztecs. The Aztec Emperor thought Cortez was a god and welcomed him. Fighting broke out because Cortez took emperor as prisoner |
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Why did Giovanni de Verrazano sail west?
What country sent him? Obstacle faced? |
1524-to find the Northwest Passage, landed in North Carolina, then kept sailing into many bays and rivers.
Sent by France. Found Indians the Abenaki who were hard to communicate with & the Narragansett who were frinedly |
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1. Hernando de Soto
2. What happened in to the Mobile Indians in Alabama |
1539, traveled from Cuba landing near Tampa Bay, Florida then traveled through south eastern U.S. A. He helped to conquer the Inca empire in Peru.-which made him rich. Never found gold
2. 11,000 were killed in a battle. When he died his men threw him into Mississippi River |
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1. What conquistador traveled the farthest north, longest distance on land?
2. Which reached the Arkansas River, crossed the MIssissoippi river? |
1. Coronado
2. de Soto |
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1. Who is Martin Luther?
2. What is the period of reforms called? |
A German Priest who wanted reforms-changes in the Catholic church-he was forced OUT of church.
2. Reformation |
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1. What are the people who protested the actions of the Catholic Church leaders called?
2. What did the church do? |
1. Protestants. they began new churches including Lutheran Church
2. Counter-reformation-banning books that went against their teaching, used its court to punish people who protested Catholic rules & beleifs |
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1. When did the catholic church concentrate spread its power to America?
2. And why? 3.Who did they send? |
1. During the Counter-Reformation
2. To gain new followers and wealth. 3. Missionaries, religious leaders to convert Indians to Catholicism |
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Were the Indians treated fairly by the Christian Missionaries?
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Some were forced, some were promised education, some were killed, they were promised health care, forced to change the way they lived
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Which conquistadors explored and claimed large areas of Americas for Spain?
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Ponce de Leon, Cortes, Coronado, de Soto.
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Who is Estevanico?
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An African American slave. May have walked across more of North America than any other explorer of his time. 1503-1539
As a slave he had to go where his owner forced him and was a good survivor, was trusted, and many Indians trusted him as a medicine man. |
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What is a fact?
What's an opinion? |
Fact-A statement that can bbe checked or proved by checking trusted sources of information
Opinion-a statement that tells what a person feels or believes and cannot be proved or checked. |
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Give some examples of statements that contain clues that they are opinions
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Words like: I believe, I think, I feel, in my opinion and words like best, worst, wonderful, terrible. Not every statement is either a fact or an opinion.
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Who was Giovanni da Verrazano & where is he from?
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1524, France. His goal was to get across America to Asia so that France can control the World's richest trade route.
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Where did Verrasano sail?
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landed in North Carolina--sailed coastlines of North & South America and met Indians while searching for the Northwest Passage and took information back to Europeans.
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1. Why was Magellan's route considered too difficult to Europeans wanting to go to Asia?
2. What were they looking for in Asia? |
1. Too dangerous and too long so explorers searched for the Northwest Passage-a waterway between Europe & Asia
2. wealth, power, riches |
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Jacques Cartier, who sent him, what was he looking for, dates?
How many voyages? |
1. French navigator sent 10 yrs after Verrassano. Looking for gold. Made 3 trips between 1534-1542 to North America.
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Describe Cartier's 3 voyages
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1. Landed @ St Lawrence River and claimed land for France.
2. Up St Lawrence River to Montreal.Saw beavers, otter, walrus-Europeans wanted the furs!! 3. In serch for gold and went to Quebec. Iroquois gave him corn & brought it back to Europe who had never seen it before |
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What explorer is thought of as the 1st to have seen the Grand Canyon & Colorado River?
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Coronado
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Who accompanied de Soto on his expedition?
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Soldiers, priests, farmers, indian scouts
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1. What is a treaty?
2. Define Mutiny |
Treaty-an agreement between courties
2. rebellion--Hudson's crew rebelled by settin him and 8 others adrift in a small boat |
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What did Magellan's expedition accomplish?
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First to travel around world
Traveled across teh Pacific Ocean |
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What is an Isthmus?
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Isthmus-a strip of land that connects two large land areas
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How many years did it take for Europeans to explore North America?
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hundreds of years
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Henry Hudson
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1609, English explorer made 4 voyages in search of Northwest Passage to establish a trade route to buy and sell Asian goods.first 2 were for England.
3rd voyage sailed for the Dutch rulers of Holland to Hudson River and is now New York. 4th in 1610 English company sent him and he sailed along & landed on northern coast of N America-to central Canada-Quebec/Ontario found Hudson Bay |
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What happened to Hudson?
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ship was frozen in ice and crew suffered then mutinied and he was never seen again
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