Social Studies 3/1/07

Front 1

Most states established two-house, or _____, legislatures to divide the power even further.

Back 1

bicameral

Front 2

A plan of government.

Back 2

constitution

Front 3

A government in which citizens rule through elected representatives.

Back 3

republic

Front 4

After much debate he Congress adopted the commiee's plan, the ______, in November 1777.

Back 4

Articles of Confederation

Front 5

What was America's first constitution?

Back 5

Articles of Confederation

Front 6

What did the states form that was a firm league of friendship in which each state retained its sovereignty freedom and independence?

Back 6

Articles of Confederation

Front 7

A formal request.

Back 7

Petition

Front 8

A law or regulation.

Back 8

Ordinanace

Front 9

The Northwes Ordinance, passed in 1787, created a single _________ out f the lands noth of the Ohio River and east of the Mississippi River.

Back 9

Northwest Territory

Front 10

To fall in value

Back 10

depreciate

Front 11

In 1781, faced with a total collapse of the country's finances, Congress created a department of finance under Philadelphia merchant _______

Back 11

Robert Morris

Front 12

The British were keeping American merchants out of the West Indiesand other profitable British markets. In 1785 who did Congress send to London to discuss these diffcultities.

Back 12

John Addams

Front 13

A period when economic activity slowed and unemployment increased.

Back 13

depression

Front 14

American farmers suffered because they could not sell their goods. The farmers in Massachusetts were especially mad. They wanted the government to issue aper money and make new policies to relieve debtors. In 1786 angry farmmers lashed out. It was led by who? and what was it known as?

Back 14

It was led by Daniel Shay
And It was know as Shay's Rebellion

Front 15

The freeing of some enslaved persons

Back 15

Manumission

Front 16

Two Americans active in the movement for change were ____, a Virgina planter, and _____, a New York lawyer. In September 1786, Hamilton proposed callin a convention in Philadelphoa to discuss trade issues.

Back 16

James Madison-Virginia planter
Alexander Hamilton- New York lawyer

Front 17

Edmund Randolph proposed that the delegates create a strong national government instead of revising the Articles of Confederation. He introduced the _________ which was largely the work of James Madison. What was this plan?

Back 17

The Virgina Plan

Front 18

What was the Virgina plan?

Back 18

The plan called for a two-ouse legislature, a chief executive chosen by the legislature, and a court system. The members of the lower house of the legislature would be elected by the people. The members of the upper house would be chosen by the lower house.

Front 19

To be the same as or corresponding to

Back 19

Proportional

Front 20

Delegates unhappy with the Virginia Plan rallied around _____ of New Jersey. On June 15 he presented an alternative plan tat revised the Articles of Confederation, which was all the convention was empowered to do. Who was that man?

Back 20

William Paterson

Front 21

What did the New Jersey Plan do?

Back 21

The New Jersey Plan kept the Confederation's one-house legislature, wih one vote for each state. Congress, however, could set taxes and regulate trade--powers it did not have under the Articles. Congress would elect a weak executive branch consisting of more than one person

Front 22

Who suggested what came to be know as the Great Compromise?

Back 22

Roger Sherman

Front 23

A _________ is an agreement between two or more sides in which each side gives p some of what it wants.

Back 23

Compromise

Front 24

What did the Great Compromise say?

Back 24

The Great Compromise said that it would be a two-house legislature. In the lower house-- the House of Representative--the number of seats for each state would vary according to the state's popuation. In the upper house--the Senate--each state would have two members.

Front 25

After the Great Compromise another major problem occured with the enslaved people. What did they decide to do and what does it do?

Back 25

The committee's solution was known by the Three-Fifths Compromise. The Three-Fifths Compromise was o count each enslaved person as three-fifths of a free person for both taxation and representation.

Front 26

The _______ was a movement of the 1700s that promoted knowledge, reason, and science as the means to improve society.

Back 26

Enlightenment

Front 27

James Madison and other architects of the Constitution were familiar with the work of ____ and _____, two important philosophers.

Back 27

John Locke and Baron de Montesquieu

Front 28

John Locke, an English philosopher, believed that all people have ______. These ___________ include the rights to life, liberty, and property.

Back 28

Natural Rights

Front 29

The sharing power between the federal and state governmetns, is one of the distinctive features of the United States government.

Back 29

Federalism

Front 30

The first three ________ or parts of th Constitution describe the powers and responsibilities of each branch.

Back 30

Articles

Front 31

Two Americans active in the movement for change were ____, a Virgina planter, and _____, a New York lawyer. In September 1786, Hamilton proposed callin a convention in Philadelphoa to discuss trade issues.

Back 31

James Madison-Virginia planter
Alexander Hamilton- New York lawyer

Front 32

Edmund Randolph proposed that the delegates create a strong national government instead of revising the Articles of Confederation. He introduced the _________ which was largely the work of James Madison. What was this plan?

Back 32

The Virgina Plan

Front 33

What was the Virgina plan?

Back 33

The plan called for a two-ouse legislature, a chief executive chosen by the legislature, and a court system. The members of the lower house of the legislature would be elected by the people. The members of the upper house would be chosen by the lower house.

Front 34

To be the same as or corresponding to

Back 34

Proportional

Front 35

Delegates unhappy with the Virginia Plan rallied around _____ of New Jersey. On June 15 he presented an alternative plan tat revised the Articles of Confederation, which was all the convention was empowered to do. Who was that man?

Back 35

William Paterson

Front 36

What did the New Jersey Plan do?

Back 36

The New Jersey Plan kept the Confederation's one-house legislature, wih one vote for each state. Congress, however, could set taxes and regulate trade--powers it did not have under the Articles. Congress would elect a weak executive branch consisting of more than one person

Front 37

Who suggested what came to be know as the Great Compromise?

Back 37

Roger Sherman

Front 38

A _________ is an agreement between two or more sides in which each side gives p some of what it wants.

Back 38

Compromise

Front 39

What did the Great Compromise say?

Back 39

The Great Compromise said that it would be a two-house legislature. In the lower house-- the House of Representative--the number of seats for each state would vary according to the state's popuation. In the upper house--the Senate--each state would have two members.

Front 40

After the Great Compromise another major problem occured with the enslaved people. What did they decide to do and what does it do?

Back 40

The committee's solution was known by the Three-Fifths Compromise. The Three-Fifths Compromise was o count each enslaved person as three-fifths of a free person for both taxation and representation.

Front 41

The _______ was a movement of the 1700s that promoted knowledge, reason, and science as the means to improve society.

Back 41

Enlightenment

Front 42

James Madison and other architects of the Constitution were familiar with the work of ____ and _____, two important philosophers.

Back 42

John Locke and Baron de Montesquieu

Front 43

John Locke, an English philosopher, believed that all people have ______. These ___________ include the rights to life, liberty, and property.

Back 43

Natural Rights

Front 44

The sharing power between the federal and state governmetns, is one of the distinctive features of the United States government.

Back 44

Federalism

Front 45

The first three ________ or parts of th Constitution describe the powers and responsibilities of each branch.

Back 45

Articles

Front 46

What are are the three branches?

Back 46

Legislative, Executive, and Judicial

Front 47

What is the lawmaking branch of the government?

Back 47

Legislative Branch

Front 48

Which branch is headed by the president to carry out the nation's laws and policies? The president serves as commander in chief of the armed forces and conducts relations with foreign countries.

Back 48

Executive Branch

Front 49

the president and a vice president are elected by a special group called the _________

Back 49

Electoral College. The Electoral College is made up of presidential electors.

Front 50

Which Branch is the court system, of the United States?

Back 50

Judicial Branch. The nation's judicial power resides in "one supreme Court" and any ther lower federal courts that Congress might establish.

Front 51

To keep any one branch from gaining too much power, the Framers built in a system of ______.

Back 51

Checks and Balances

Front 52

Wha is the biggest check and ballance the president can have over congress?

Back 52

the president can veto a law

Front 53

What is the biggest check and balance congress has over the president?

Back 53

Congress can impeach the president. Then if convicted the president will be thrown out.

Front 54

Before the Constitution could go into effect, nine states needed to ______, or approve it.

Back 54

Ratify

Front 55

Supporters of the new Constitution were called ________.

Back 55

Federalists

Front 56

Individuals who opposed ratification of the Constitution?

Back 56

Antifederalists

Front 57

An ______ is something added to a document.

Back 57

Admendment

Front 58

The _____ or introduction, to the Constitution reflexcts the basic principle of American government--the right of the people to govern themselves. It also lists six goals for the United States government.

Back 58

Preamble

Front 59

Maintaining eace within the nation.

Back 59

Domestic Tranquility

Front 60

Political theory that government is subject to the will of the people.

Back 60

Popular Sovereignty

Front 61

Favoring a republic, or representatve democracy, as the best form of government.

Back 61

Republicanism

Front 62

The system, in which the power to govern is shared between the national governmetn and the states, is called the federal system, or ________.

Back 62

Federalism

Front 63

Powers belonging only to the federal government.

Back 63

Enumerated Powers

Front 64

Power retained by the states.

Back 64

Reserved Powers

Front 65

Powers shared by the states and the federal government.

Back 65

Concurrent Powers

Front 66

Powers not specifically mentoned in the Constitution.

Back 66

Implied Powers

Front 67

The right of the Supreme Court to determine if a law violates te Constitution.

Back 67

Judicial Review

Front 68

To set something aside for a particular purpose, especially funds.

Back 68

appropriate

Front 69

To formally charge a public official wiht misconduct in office.

Back 69

Impeach

Front 70

People that members of Congress represent.

Back 70

Constitents

Front 71

Permanent Comittees in both the house and the Sentate that specialize in particular topic, such as agriculture, commerce , or veterans affiars.

Back 71

Standing Committees

Front 72

Committees that focus on a paricular aspect of a problem or issue.

Back 72

Subcommittees

Front 73

The House and the Senate sometimes form temporary _________ to deal with issues requiring special attetion.

Back 73

Select Committees

Front 74

Occassionally the House and the Senate form _________ with members from both houses.

Back 74

Joint Committee

Front 75

A type of joint committee, _______, has a special function

Back 75

Conference Committee. If the house and the Senate pass different versions of the same bill a conference committe e tries to wor out a compromise bill acceptable to both houses.

Front 76

A group that helps the president make decisions and set government policy.

Back 76

Cabinet

Front 77

In 1789 Cogress passed ____, which added a series of district courts to the federal court system.

Back 77

Judiciary Act

Front 78

At the lowest level of the feederal court system are the United States __________.

Back 78

district courts

Front 79

The next level of federal courts, the ________ courts, reviews district court decisions in which the losing side has asked for a review of the verdict.

Back 79

Appeals Courts

Front 80

The _______ court stands at the top of the American legal system.

Back 80

Supreme Court

Front 81

Determining an explanation for the decision is called the Court's _____.

Back 81

opinion

Front 82

Idea that the government must follow procedures established by law and gaurenteed by the Constitution.

Back 82

do process of law

Front 83

A person who owes loyalty to and is entitled to the protection of a state or nation.

Back 83

citizen

Front 84

A person of foreign birth can also become a citizen thrugh the process of _________.

Back 84

naturalization

Front 85

What are duties and what are responsibilities?

Back 85

Duties are things we are required to do by law and responsibilities are things we should do.