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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What were the reasons for the Establishment of the English colonies?
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The Three G's
Gold- European investors wanted to make a profit God- Many groups founded the colonies to practice their religion (pilgrims, Puritans, Quakers) Glory- European kings wanted wealth and power |
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Who were the Puritans?
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A group of Protestants that were persecuted in England for their religious beliefs and settle in the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
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Who were the Quakers?
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A group of Protestants that settle Pennsylvania under the leadership of William Penn. They practice religious tolerance and believe in equality for all people.
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List some of the products of the New England colonies.
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Fish, lumber, furs, and shipbuilding
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List some of the products of the Middle colonies.
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Grain (wheat, barley, rye they produce so much they are nicknamed the Breadbasket colonies)
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What was the Mayflower Compact?
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An agreement signed by all the men aboard the Mayflower setting up a voluntary system of government. It was an early example of a social contract
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What was the main cause of the American Revolution?
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Britains taxation policy to pay for the French and Indian war. Britain felt Americans should help pay for their own defense. Americans felt they should have say in laws that effect them. No Taxation without representation
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What was the Boston Massacre?
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It was a riot by colonists against British soldiers. British soldiers opened fire on the colonists, killing 5 colonists. Sam Adams and Paul Revere use the incident as propaganda.
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What was the Boston Tea Party?
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A protest by the Sons of Liberty in 1773 of a new tax on tea. They boarded a British ship dressed as Native Americans and poured the tea overboard. It caused a strong reaction by the British, and they passed the Intolerable acts restricting the freedom of the citizens of Boston.
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What was Benjamin Franklins role in the American Revolution?
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Delegate to the Continental Congress, influential in convincing delegated at the convention to declare independence, got the help of France (money and soldiers), negotiated the Treaty of Paris at the end of the American Revolution.
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What was Samuel Adams role in the American Revolution?
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Formed the Sons of Liberty, started Committees of Correspondence in all 13 colonies to protest British policies, leader of the Boston Tea Party.
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What is the Declaration of Independence?
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It stated the reasons why the colonies were declaring independence. It announced the purpose of government was to protect people' unalienable rights and that people had the right to overthrow an oppressive government, and listed the grievances against King George.
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What was George Washingtons role in the American Revolution?
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He was commander of the Continental Army (American forces), he later becomes president of the Constitutional Convention, and the first President of the United States
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Who was Abigail Adams?
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Wife of Patriot and second President John Adams, mother of John Quincy Adams she wrote letters to her husband during the time of the writing of the Declaration of Independence imploring the Continental Congress to remember the women (she was a very early suffragette).
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Who was Thomas Jefferson?
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Author of the Declaration of Independence and 3 rd President of the United States.
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Who was King George III?
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Ruler of Great Britain during the American Revolution.
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Why did the Americans and British fight at Lexington?
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The British were marching to arrest Samuel Adams and other patriot leaders and to capture American weapons and gunpowder.
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What battle was a turning point of the American Revolution?
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The Battle of Saratoga, it was a turning point because it was a victory which convinced France to send money, weapons, and assistance to America.
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What battle ended the American Revolution?
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Battle of Yorktown
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What treaty ended the American Revolution?
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Treaty of Paris 1783
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What was the Article of Confederation?
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The first government of the United States, it was a failure and later replaced by the Constitution we have today.
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What were the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?
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The national government had no power to tax, no president, no court system, no common currency (money), and it could not regulate trade.
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What happened of importance in 1787?
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The Constitution was written to replace the Article of Confederation as our form of government.
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What was the Magna Carta?
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An Agreement signed by King John of England in 1215, it limited the power of the King and gave power to the barons. It was the first example of limited government.
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How did the Magna Carta influence the U.S. system of government?
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Convinced the Founders that government should be limited and not have absolute power
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What was the English Bill of Rights?
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A 1689 British document protecting the rights of English citizens, it gave freedom of speech for members of parliament and guaranteed free parliamentary elections.
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How did the English Bill of Rights influence the U.S. system of government?
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It made citizens believe in freedoms of speech and the right of representative government.
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Who was President of the Constitutional Convention?
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Who was President of the Constitutional Convention?
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Who was James Madison?
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He was known as the author of the Virginia Plan, known as the Father of the U.S. Constitution, and 4th President of the United States
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What is federalism?
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A system of government in which individual states keep some powers of government and the national government is supreme.
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What is limited government?
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The government only has the power its citizens give to it. An example of the governments powers being limited is the Bill of Rights (For example they need a search warrant to enter your home).
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What are checks and balances?
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Each of the three branches (executive, legislative, and judicial) has controls on the other branches. For example, the president may veto a law but Congress can override that veto with a 2/3rds vote.)
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What is Separation of Powers?
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The Constitution divides the power of government into three branches. The Executive (president) which enforces the laws, the legislative (Congress) which make the laws, and the judicial (supreme court) which interprets the laws.
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What is popular sovereignty?
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The people rule, or hold final authority. The people do this in our government by electing representatives to Congress, or anytime you vote.
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What is a republic?
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Rule by popularly elected representatives
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What does ratification mean?
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Formal approval, to pass something and put into effect (for ex. The states had to ratify the Constitution before it became our form of government)
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What was someone called who supported the ratification of the Constitution?
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Federalists
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Who were the federalists?
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Alexander Hamilton led them and believed in a strong national government, they also wanted a loose interpretation of the Constitution to give more power to the national government.
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What was someone called who opposed the ratification of the Constitution?
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Anti-federalist
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What is the Bill of Rights?
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The first ten amendments to the Constitution, which protect our basic rights.
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Name three unalienable rights?
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According to the Declaration of Independence they are life, liberty and property.
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What rights are protected by the first amendment?
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Freedoms of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition.
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What right does the 2nd Amendment to the Constitution protects?
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The right to bear arms (keep a weapon).
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What right does the 3rd Amendment to the Constitution protects?
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No quartering of soldiers in peoples homes.
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What is a tariff?
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A tax placed on imports
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