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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Line of Demarcation
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line dividing the "Indies" (north + south through Atlantic Ocean) by Pople Alexander VI for Spain and Portugual
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monopoly
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complete control over an industry, a product, or a service
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Erasmus
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Christian humanist of Holland; wrote In Praise of Folly
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Francesco Petrarch
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Italian poet; Laura was his muse and spititual ideal
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Utopia
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a nearly perfect society-without greed, corruption, war, and crime-based on peace, reason, and mercy
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caravel
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a small ship developed in the 1400's, with triangular sails for tacking into the wind and square sails for running before the wind
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Savonarola
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Italian friar who wanted to reform the Church; he overthrew the Piero de Medici + controlled Florence himself
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"The Last Supper"
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painting done by Leonardo da Vinci
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dissenter
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one whose opinions differ from those of the established Church
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Vasco da Gama
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Portuguese captain sailed to India + brought back cinnamon and pepper + recieved a hero's award for it
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Hapsburg family
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risen to power in Austria; they chose the Holy Roman emperors; won lots of land
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compass
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an instrument that indicates direction by using a magnetic needle
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Protestant
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a Christian who is a member of a Protestant church
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perspective
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a technique of giving objects in a picture the appearance of depth and distance
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presbyters
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small group of laymen who governed a church community in Scotland
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Michelangelo
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painter who sculpted "David" and painted the Sistine Chapel
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indulgence
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a pardon that released the buyer from doing penance set by the Church
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Pope Julius II
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pope from 1503 to 1513, loved art + power equally, wanted Rome to be the capital of the world; he decided to tear down old St. Peter's Basilica
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theocracy
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a government controlled by church leaders
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Quattrocento
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golden age where Florence came under political rule of the Medici family
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Martin Luther
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friar who in a book accused bishops, archbishops, + the pope of straying from the teachings of Jesus; reguarded as a national hero from German people; all led to the Scientific Revolution
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Columbus
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Captain who sailed with 3 ships to the now adays called the US
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Gutenberg
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he printed a Bible in 1455
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Dias
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Portuguese captain; when traveling to Africa his ship was battered by storms
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Scientific Revolution
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In the 1500's and 1600's, a new and radical way of thinking about the natural world by using careful observation and questioning old theories
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Ghiberti
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goldsmith who won Florence's most promising artist guild; created bronze doors for Baptistry
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Huguenot
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In the 1500's and 1600's a French Protestant who was a follower of Calvinism
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The Courtier
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book that told young people how to become an accomplished person who everyone would admire
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Magellan
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Portuguese nobleman who decided he could reach Asia by sailing around the southern tip of the new continent
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Cosimo de Medici
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wealthy man who won control of government in Florence; he paid off debts, spent florins on artistic + scholarly projects
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Thomas More
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Christian humanist of Holland; he wrote Utopia
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Prince Henry the Navigator
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helped launch the Age of Exploration by opening a famous center for navigation
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Reformation
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a religious crisis in the 1500's in the Roman Catholic Church that led to the establishment of Protestant churches
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Machiavelli
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wrote The Prince; was bitter about invaision of Italy by foreigners
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Henry VIII
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king of England; son of the "new monarch"; catholic; divorced his wife; 6 marriages
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Vespucci
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Florentine merchant who wrote letters + got a map published by a German who labeled the land America
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Diet of Worms
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where Luther and his ideas were on trial
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Pieter Bruegel
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painter who painted scenes form weddings, dances, + harvests; gave sense of life + feeling with balance of space + colors
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elect
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who Calvin calls the people who would be saved from sin
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Lorenzo de Medici
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Cosimo's grandson who took over Florence's power
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Balboa
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Spaniard who claimed whats now the Pacific Ocean all for Spain
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Anne Boleyn
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Henry's VIII's second marriage; became queen + had a daughter; was later imprisoned + beheaded
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Charles V
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Holy Roman Emperor in Germany who opposed Luther
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Reformation Parliament
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made king head of the Church of England
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Utopia
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book written by Thomas More about a society based on reason + mercy
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John Knox
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preacher who brought Calvin's ideas to Scotland which led them to become Presbyterians
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Catherine of Aragon
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Henry VIII's unwanted wife; he divorced her
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John Calvin
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published Institues of the Christian Religion; called some the "elect"; had a doctrine caled predestination; hoped for theocracy
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Dante Alighieri
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poet + famous for writing The Divine Comedy
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Edward VI
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first to rule after Henry's death
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The Divine Comedy
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written by Dante Alighieri; full of political events of Dante's times; philosophic bridge between Europe's past and its future
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Mary Tudor
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second to rule after Henry's death
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vernacular
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the everyday language of a region or country
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Elizabeth I
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returned her kingdom to Protestantism
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Giotto di Bondone
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painted the Areana Chapel with scenes from the Bible
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humanist
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one who studies classical texts
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Leonardo da Vinci
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painter who was brought to the court of Mantua by Isabella d'Este
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fresco
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the technique of painting on wet plaster
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Renaissance
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a movement in Europe between the 1300's and 1600's, marked by a revival, or rebirth, of interest in classical Greek and Roman art, literature, and learning
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