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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The Olmec
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Advanced with trade routes, infrastructure, linguistic expression, math and architecture. Focused on earthen mounds.
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The Maya
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Annexed certain regions. Developed mathematical/heiroglyphics, influnce lost after 850 A.D.
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The Aztecs
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Stone temples, power driven, assimilated conquered tribes. Invaded in 1519.
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Nazca, Moche, Inca
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Known for architecture (glyphs), religious practices, culture, mummified burial practices. Taken down by Spanish in 1532.
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Columbus
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Discovered Caribbean and claimed the land in the name of the Spanish King.
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Hernan Cortez
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Leader of Conquistadores - very vicious. Took down Aztecs in 2 years. Learned from their calendar, technology and infrastructure.
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Spanish Heirarchy
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Based on Eurocentrism/Racism. Feudalism - where you are born you will stay. In new colonies, those from the old country (Spain) would be noble, everyone else were peasants. Small % of nobles, large % of peasants
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Creoles
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Mix between European and peasant. Almost noble in colony, lesser in old country
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Mestizo
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Native + European
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Mulatto
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African + European (me)
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Natives/Africans
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Lowest social standing
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European Global Expansion Factors
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Economic: breaking Venetian monopoly and expanding of trade
Political: domestic power, prestige of country Social: Eurocentrism, Missionarism, Science (curiosity) |
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Push and Pull Factors of Colonization
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More land, more prestige, more trade, colonies were disjointed and rarely connected, slave trade, resources
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The Reformation
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A process that split the Catholic Church
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Protestant
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Those who protested against the Catholic Church and attempted to reform Christian practices
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Dissent
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To disagree with
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Papist
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Pope organization - pope is said to be a descendent of god.
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Puritans
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People who want to purify the Catholic Church of Roman Catholic influence
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Pilgrim
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Someone who makes a journey for religious reasons
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Mercantilism
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A protectionist policy that created a form of command (controlled economy)
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Eurocentrism
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Viewing the world from a European Perspective (promoting European values and beliefs)
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Ethnocentrism
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Viewing the world from a known cultural perspective (promoting their own values and beliefs)
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Racism
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The belief that some races are naturally superior to others
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Social Darwinism
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Application of the principle "survival of the fittest" to social interaction
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Social Degeneration ("Gone native")
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The European term to describe European people who assimilate into non-European cultures
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Missionarism ("White Man's Burden")
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The Eurocentric view that non-Europeans need to be civilized
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Slavery
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People are bought and sold like property
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Indentured Service
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People are bound by long term labour contracts
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Conscripted Labour
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Forced Labour
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Strategic Alliance
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Organizations such as EU, UN, NAFTA, democracies etc.
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Strategic Withdrawal
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Why would you sell land/give it up?
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Venetian Monopoly
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Complete control over the global market
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Spice Islands
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"The Indies" development of the silk road. Including Asia + India
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Annexation
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Expanding territory and taking over other regions - first colonization and imperialistic practices
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Imperialism
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Developing of an empire. Based on developing economic and territorial domination.
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Colonialism
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Acquisition and expansion of colonies in one territory from another. (i.e. England --> Canada)
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Monroe Doctrine
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asserted that foreign powers (Europeans) could no longer colonize the America’s/interfere with the political development of the sovereign nations of the America.
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Manifest Destiny
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America wishes to annex all of North America. Mexico, Canada + Alaska.
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