Social Science

Front 1

Historic causation

Back 1

The concept that events in history are linked to one another by an endless chain of cause and effect.

Hint 1

Cause and effect

Front 2

Primary sources

Back 2

Works, records, etc, that were created during the period being studied or immediately after it.

Front 3

Secondary sources

Back 3

Works written signifcally after the period being studied and based on primary sources

Front 4

Agricultural revolution

Back 4

Initiated by the invention of the plow, led to a through transformation of human society by making large-scale agricultural production possible and facilitating the development of agrarian societies

Front 5

Scientific revolution

Back 5

Resulted in a new sense of self examination and a wider view of the world than ever before. Shift in focus from belief to evidence.

Hint 5

Belief to evidence

Front 6

Industrial revolution

Back 6

Started in England in 18th and 19th centuries with greater changes in human civilization and even greater opportunities for trade, increased production, and the exchange of ideas and knowledge.

Front 7

Nicolaus Copernicus

Back 7

Began the scientific revolution

Hint 7

Sun is the center of the solar system according to him

Front 8

Navigation acts of 1651

Back 8

Put restrictions on shipping and trade within the British empire by requiring that only British ships be involved.

Front 9

Manifest destiny

Back 9

The belief in the divinely given right of the united States to expand westward and incorporate more of the continent into the nation.

Front 10

Articles of confederation

Back 10

On November 15,1777 they were adopted, creating a league of free and independent states

Hint 10

November 15, 1777

Front 11

Congress

Back 11

Two to seven delegates from each, with each state having just one vote.

Front 12

Constitution of the united States

Back 12

The fundamental law of the republic.

Hint 12

Highest governmental authority

Front 13

Legislative branch

Back 13

Lawmaking branch of the government, called the congress

Hint 13

Made of two houses the house of representatives and the Senate

Front 14

Executive Branch

Back 14

Headed by the president, who leads the country, recommends new laws, and can veto bills passed by the legislative branch.

Hint 14

The president

Front 15

Judicial Branch

Back 15

The judicial Branch of government headed by the supreme court.

Front 16

Checks and balances

Back 16

Is a system established by the constitution in which each branch of the federal government has the power to check or limit the actions of other branches

Front 17

Separation of powers

Back 17

Is a system of u.s. government in which each branch of government has its own specifically designated powers and cannot interfere with the powers of another.

Front 18

The magna carta

Back 18

It guaranteed feudal right, regulated the justice system, and abolished many abuses of the king's power to tax and regulate trade.

Hint 18

Considered first document that sought to limit the powers of the state authority

Front 19

Petition of right

Back 19

Was the basis of specific protections that the framers of the constitution inserted in the document

Hint 19

Was addressed to the king Charles I by the British Parliament in 1628

Front 20

Judiciary act of 1789

Back 20

Organizing the supreme Court of the united States and establishing a system of federal courts of inferior jurisdiction.

Front 21

Secretary of state

Back 21

The most prominent foreign policy advocate, who presides over the executive branch, is appointed by the president, and is confirmed by congress.

Front 22

National security council

Back 22

Advises the president on matters of foreign policy

Front 23

Ambassador

Back 23

People who reside in other countries in order to be lobbyists for their governments interests

Front 24

Demand

Back 24

The quantity of goods and services that consumers are willing and able to purchase at different prices during a given period of time .

Front 25

Consumer sovereignty

Back 25

Process in which consumers vote with their dollars

Front 26

Equity

Back 26

When people invest in a stock

Front 27

Reserve ratio

Back 27

The portion of deposits that banks are required to hold as vault cash or on deposit with the federal reserve

Front 28

Market

Back 28

Whenever mechanism brings buyers and sellers in contact with each other so that they can buy and sell

Front 29

Input market

Back 29

The market in which factors of production, or resources, are bought and sold.

Front 30

Output market

Back 30

The market in which goods and services are sold

Front 31

Resource

Back 31

An input into the production process

Front 32

Labor

Back 32

People selling their abilities to produce goods and services.

Front 33

Capital

Back 33

Refers to anything that is made or manufactured for use in the production process.

Front 34

Land

Back 34

Includes land and all natural resources lumber, minerals, oil, etc.

Front 35

Factors of production

Back 35

Labor, capital, land, and entrepreneurship

Front 36

Entrepreneur

Back 36

An individual who has the ability to combine the land, labor, and capital to produce a good or service

Front 37

Production process

Back 37

Refers to the way the four factors are combined to produce the output

Front 38

Capital-intensive

Back 38

When the production technique uses a lot of machinery with very few laborers

Front 39

Labor-intensive

Back 39

When the process requires many workers with very little machinery