Social Psychology Test #2

Front 1

Central Processing

Back 1

Thinking actively about the argument or message

Front 2

Peripheral Processing

Back 2

Shorthand way to accept/reject an argument/message

Front 3

Central Route Persuasion

Back 3

something that occurs when interested people focus on the arguments and respond favourably

Front 4

Elaboration

Back 4

The extent to which a person carefully thinks about issue-relevant arguments

Front 5

Personal Relevance

Back 5

When message has personal relevance to your life, you pay attention to it and think critically about it

Front 6

Motivation for Elaboration

Back 6

Personal relevance, need for cognition, ability for elaboration

Front 7

Peripheral Route Persuasion

Back 7

something that occurs when people are influenced by incidental cues, such as attractiveness

Front 8

Sleeper Effect

Back 8

delayed impact of a message that occurs when we remember the message but we forget a reason for discounting it

Front 9

Good Feeling Effect

Back 9

in a good mood when people make faster or more impulsive decisions and they rely more on peripheral cues

Front 10

Fear Strategies

Back 10

Fear is more effective if they arouse fear but also propose an effective protection strategy

Front 11

Life Cycle Explanation

Back 11

attitudes change as people become older (more conservative)

Front 12

Generational Explanation

Back 12

attitudes that older people adopted when they were young persist largely unchanged, causes generation gap

Front 13

distraction disarms counterarguing

Back 13

verbal persuasion is enhanced by distracting people with something that attracts their attention just enough to inhibit counterarguing

Front 14

the foot in the door phenomenon

Back 14

recruitment strategy used by groups to get individuals to comply to small requests then large ones

Front 15

Reactance

Back 15

protect ones personal freedom in reaction to persuasion

Front 16

Forewarning

Back 16

prior knowledge of persuasion

Front 17

Selective Avoidance

Back 17

screen out contradictory info

Front 18

Inoculation

Back 18

challenging one's views increases resistance

Front 19

Biased Assimilation

Back 19

perceive information that disconfirms our views as less reliable

Front 20

Attitude Polarization

Back 20

Interpret mixed evidence in ways that strengthen existing views

Front 21

Attitude Inoculation

Back 21

exposing people to weak attacks upon their attitudes so that when stronger attacks come they will have refutations available

Front 22

Group

Back 22

two or more people who, for longer than a few moments, interact with and influence one another and perceive one another as an "us"

Front 23

Social Facilitaition

Back 23

The tendency of people to perform simple or well-learned tasks better when others are present

Front 24

Research Dilemma

Back 24

sometimes the presence of others improves performance, sometimes it diminishes performance

Front 25

Yerkes-Dodson Law

Back 25

dictates that performance increases with physiological or mental arousal, but only up to a point. When levels of arousal become too high, performance decreases

Front 26

Evaluation Apprehension

Back 26

learned concern for how others are evaluating us

Front 27

Social Loafing

Back 27

Tendency to reduce effort when pooling effor toward a common goal and when they are not individually accountable, reduction in evaluation apprehension

Front 28

Ways to reduce social loafing

Back 28

indentify individual performance, increase personal involvement, keep the group small, increase group cohesion, give direct and immediate feedback

Front 29

Deindividuation

Back 29

loss of self-awareness, individuality, and evaluation apprehension, occurs in group situations that foster anonymity/draw attention away from an individual

Front 30

Group Polarization

Back 30

Group discussion strengthens the average inclination of group members, enhances member's preexisting tendencies

Front 31

Informational Influence

Back 31

People want to be right

Front 32

Normative Influence

Back 32

People want to be liked/admired

Front 33

Symptoms of Group Think

Back 33

illusion of invulnerability, unquestioned belief in the groups morality, rationalization-justify group's decision, stereotyped view of the opponent, conformity pressure, self-censorship, illusion of unanimity, mindguards

Front 34

Kernel of Truth

Back 34

conceptthat many stereotypes are based upon some element of truth

Front 35

Realistic Conflict Theory

Back 35

prejudice arises from competition between groupsfor limited resources

Front 36

Social Identity Theory

Back 36

Keyconcept is that self-esteem can be increased through our group identification

Front 37

Outgroup Homogeneity

Back 37

tendency to view everyone in the other group asbeing the same

Front 38

Categorization

Back 38

people organize others into groups on the basisof gender, race, and other attributes

Front 39

Ultimate Attribution Error

Back 39

in ambiguous situations we make attributionsconsistent with our beliefs and prejudices

Front 40

Self-perpetuating Stereotypes

Back 40

Our pre-judgments guide our attention, our interpretations,and our memories

Front 41

Subtyping

Back 41

Accommodating individuals who deviate fromone’s stereotype by splitting off a subgroup stereotype

Front 42

Subgrouping

Back 42

Accommodating groups of people who deviate fromone’s stereotype by forming a new stereotype about this subset – originalstereotype does not apply to everyone

Front 43

Conformity

Back 43

a change in behavior or belief as a result ofreal or imagined group pressure

Front 44

Compliance

Back 44

conformity that involves publicly acting inaccord with social pressure while privately disagreeing

Front 45

Acceptance

Back 45

changethat restructures one's underlying beliefs (i.e., public behavioral change thatis accompanied by private attitude change)

Front 46

Reactance

Back 46

a motive to protect or restore one’s sense offreedom. It arises when someonethreatens our freedom of action