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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are universal behaviors that extend throughout all cultures
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Need for food
Procreation Emotions Social behaviors |
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What is Culture
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Enduring Behaviors, attitudes, ideas and traditions shared by a large group of people and passed down through the generations
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In what country is public disapproval of friends not accepted?
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Japan
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What are universal norms for friendship?
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Maintaining eye contact
Keeping secrets respecting privacy |
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What are the five universal social beliefs and worldviews? Proposed by Lead and Bonds
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-Cynicism
-Social Complexity (act according to circumstance) -Reward for application (try hard and be rewarded) -Spirituality -Fate Control |
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Roger Brown stated one other Universal Norm concerning status
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Status Hierarchies
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What type of roles can be easily broken and not matter?
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Lesser Norms, such as painter versus mother role
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Affluence, Mobility, Urbanism and Mass Media contribute to create what type of culture?
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Individualistic
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Individualistic Economy and Collectivist Morals are part of what political group?
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Conservative
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Collective Economies and Individualist Morals are part of what political group?
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Liberal
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What kind of self talk boosts self esteem in collectivist cultures and individualistic cultures? (2 answers)
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I cannot fail, I must meet expectation of others (Collectivist)
I must succeed, I am special (Individualistic) |
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Define Holistic Reasoning
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Emphasis on the consideration of balancing all influencing forces into harmony
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Define Analytic reasoning
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Rules, logic and use of contradicting statements as untrue to prove ones point
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When making decisions that are opposite to ones cultural standards, what kind of cognitive process occurs?
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Cognitive Dissonance
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How do collectivist cultures observe ambiguous faces in relation to their own?
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They tend to see the opposite emotion.
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What kind of persuasion message must one incorporate for Individualistic cultures and Collectivist cultures?
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Collectivist: Group Values
Individualistic: Personal Success |
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What types of cultures do Aggression arise in?
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Those with a need for honor or a frontier spirit (We came and conquered this land and therefore must protect it)
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Three methods to promote Multiculturalism?
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Contact with the other
Cooperation with other toward a superordinate goal Generalizing positive attitude to entire other group identity |
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In what circumstances will bicultural identity create positive self esteem?
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When the "other" culture is seen as inviting.
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What is additive and subtractive bilingualism and when do they happen?
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Additive Bilingualism: When the 2nd language has a positive effect. This happens when mother culture has a solid foundation on identity and is not threatened by second culture
Subtractive Bilingualism: when the 2nd language has a negative affect on the individual. Occurs when the initial language is threatened or not solidly formed. |
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Describe the three ways the cultural environment and a persons biology interact? (Explaining for diverse cultures)
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Situations affect different people differently
People choose their situations People create their situations |
