Social Psychology Chapters 5,6,7

Front 1

natural selection

Back 1

The evolutionary process by which heritable traits that best enable organisms to survive and reproduce in particular environments are passed to ensuing generations.

Front 2

evolutionary psychology

Back 2

The study of the evolution of cognition and behavior using principle of natural selection.

Front 3

culture

Back 3

The enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, and traditions shared by a large group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next.

Front 4

natural selection

Back 4

The evolutionary process by which heritable traits that best enable organisms to survive and reproduce in particular environments are passed to ensuing generations

Front 5

evolutionary psychology

Back 5

The study of the evolution of cognition and behavior using principles of natural selection

Front 6

culture

Back 6

The enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, and traditions shared by a large group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next

Front 7

norms

Back 7

Standard for accepted and expected behavior. Norms prescribe "proper" behavior. (In a different sense of the word, norms also describe what most others do- what is normal.)

Front 8

personal space

Back 8

The buffer zone we like to maintain around our bodies. Its size depends on our familiarity with whoever is near us

Front 9

gender

Back 9

In psychology, the characteristics, whether biological or socially influenced, by which people define male and female

Front 10

empathy

Back 10

The vicarious experience of another's feelings,putting oneself in another's shoes

Front 11

aggresion

Back 11

Physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt someone. In laboratory experiments, this might mean delivering electric shocks or saying something likely to hurt another's feelings

Front 12

androgynous

Back 12

From andro(man) + gym(woman) = thus mixing both masculine and feminine characteristics

Front 13

gender role

Back 13

A set of behavior expectations )normal for males and females)

Front 14

interaction

Back 14

A relationship in which the effect of one factor (such as biology) depends on another factor (such as environment)

Front 15

conformity

Back 15

A change in behavior or belief as the result of real or imagined group pressure (Chapter 6)

Front 16

compliance

Back 16

Conformity that involves publicly acting in accord with an implied or explicit request while privately disagreeing (Chapter 6)

Front 17

obedience

Back 17

Acting in accord with a direct order or command (Chapter 6)

Front 18

acceptance

Back 18

Conformity that involves both acting and believing in accord with social pressure (Chapter 6)

Front 19

autokinetic phenomenon

Back 19

Self (auto) motion (kinetic)The apparent movement of a station point of light in the dark (Chapter 6)

Front 20

cohesiveness

Back 20

A "we feeling"; the extent to which members of a group are bound together, such as by attraction for another. (Chapter 6)

Front 21

normative influence

Back 21

Conformity based on a person's desire to fulfill others' expectations, often to gain acceptance (Chapter 6)

Front 22

informational influence

Back 22

Conformity occurring when people accept evidence about reality provided by other people. (Chapter 6)

Front 23

reactance

Back 23

A motive to protect or restore one's sense of freedom. Reactance arises when someone threatens our freedom of action. (Chapter 6)

Front 24

persuasion

Back 24

The process by which a message induces change in beliefs, attitudes, or behaviors.

Front 25

central route to persuassion

Back 25

Occurs when interested people focus on the arguments and respond with favorable thoughts

Front 26

peripheral route to persuasion

Back 26

Occurs when people are influenced by incidental cues, such as a speaker's attractiveness.

Front 27

credibility

Back 27

Believeability. A credible communicator is perceived as both expert and trustworthy.

Front 28

Sleeper effect

Back 28

A delayed impact of a message that occurs when an initially discounted message becomes effective, as we remember the message but forget the reason for discounting

Front 29

attractiveness

Back 29

Having qualities that appeal to an audience. An appealing communicator (often someone similar to the audience) is most persuasive on matters of subjective preference.

Front 30

primacy effect

Back 30

Other things being equal, information presented first usually has the most influence

Front 31

recency effect

Back 31

Information presented last sometimes has the most influence. Recency effects are less common than primacy effects.

Front 32

channel of communication

Back 32

The way the message is delivered - whether face-to-face, in writing, on film, or in some other way

Front 33

two-step flow of communication

Back 33

The process by which media influence often occurs through opinion leaders, who in turn influence others.

Front 34

need for cognition

Back 34

The motivation to think and analyze. Assessed by agreement with items such as "The notion of thinking abstractly is appealing to me" and disagreement with items such as "I only think as hard as I have to."

Front 35

cult (also called new religions movement)

Back 35

A group typically characterized by (1) distinctive ritual and beliefs related to its devoted to a god or a person (2) isolation from the surrounding "evil" culture, and (3) a charismatic leader. (A sect, by contrast, is a spinoff from a major religion.)

Front 36

attitude inoculation

Back 36

Exposing people to weak attack upon their attitudes so that when stronger attacks come, they will have refutations available