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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Self concept is composed of what elements?
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Personality characteristics
physical characteristics preferences abilities |
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Who came up with Self perception theory and what is it?
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Daryl Bem, when internal cues are weak or ambiguous we come to "know" our attitudes, emotions and other internal states by inferring them from observations of own behavior.
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Self perception theory
Weak external cues= |
internal dispositional attribution
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Self perception theory
stron external cues = |
external attribution to circumstances
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Over justification effect
Green & Nisbett 1973 |
experiment: children recieved "good player" prize for playing with markers other children did not. Later said children were less likely to play with markers if they expected a prize.
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children that got an unexpected reward or non at all, played with the markers equally. the reward ruins it!
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Social comparison theory
Leon Festinger 1954 |
to learn about our abilities and personality attributres we compare ourselves to others.
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Egocentric bias
Ross & Sicoly 1979 |
easier to remember thing you did compared to things you didnt do.
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What percentage of housework do you do? Men= 50 %, Women= 75%
total= 125% |
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Self BIRGING & CORFING
Cialdini |
Basking in reflective glory
Cutting off reflective failure We won! vs. the lost! |
Arizona State U. students, creativity test
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Name letter effect
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people like the specific letters that appear in their name.
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Implicit egotism
Pelham & Mirenberg 2004 |
people should gravitate towards others who resemble them because similar others activate peoples positive, automatic associations about themselves.
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Self Concept
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The sum total of an individuals beliefes about his or her own personal attributes.
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Affective Forecasting
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The process of predicting how one would feel in rsponse to future emotional events.
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Over justification effect
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The tendency for intrinsic motivation to diminish for activities that have become associated with reward or other extrinsic factors.
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Two- Factor theory of emotion
Shachter & Singer |
Experience of emotions is base on two factors: Physiological arousal and a cognitive interpretation.
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Self-awareness theory
Wicklund |
self-focused attention leaves people to notice self-discrepancies, thereby motivating either an escape from self-awareness or a change in behavior.
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Self-handicapping
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Behaviors designed to sabotoge ones;s own performance in order to provide subsequent excuses for failure.
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Availability heuristic
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The tendency to estimate the likelihood that an event will occur by how easily instances of it come to mind.
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False-Consensus Effect
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the tendency for people to overestimate the extent to which others share their opinions, attributes, and behaviors.
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Base-Rate Fallacy
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The finding that people are relatively insensitve to consensus information presented in the form of numerical rates.
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Counter factual thinking
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A tendency to imagine alternative events or outcomes that might have occurred but did not.
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Fundamental attribution error
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the tendency to focus on the role of personal causes and underestimate the impact of situations on other peoples behavior.
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Actor-Observer effect
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the tendency to attribute our own behavior to situational causes and the behavior of others to personal factors.
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Implicit personality theory
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a netowork of assumptions people make about the relationship among traits and behaviors.
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Central traits
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traits that exert a powerful influence on overall impressions.
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Primacy effect
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the tendency for information presented early in a sequence to have more impact on impressions than info. presented later.
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Confirmation bias
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the tendency to seek, interpret, and create information that verifies existing beliefs.
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Belief perserverance
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The tendency to mantain beliefs even after the have been discredited.
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Self-fulfilling prophecy
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the process by which ones own expectations about a person eventually leads that person to behave in ways that confirm those expectations.
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Outgroup homogeneity effect
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the tendency to assume that there is greater similarity among members of a outgroups than among members of ingroups.
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illusory correlations
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an overestimation of the association between variables that are only slightly or not at all correlated.
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