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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Social psychology
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Study of how groups and cultures shape our perceptions, attitudes and behavior
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Norms
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Implicit or explicit rules that apply to all members of the group and govern acceptable behavior and attitudes
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Social Loafing
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Group members assume the role of slacker
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Deindividuation
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When in large groups, people may lose self-awareness
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Social facilitation
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Refers to tendency to perform well-learned tasks better in front of others
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Social Impairment
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Performing a task not as well in front of people as opposed to when alone
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Group polarization
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When in a group of like-minded people, the group will make more extreme decisions than by an individual
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Groupthink
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People self-censor beliefs to preserve harmony in a group
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Minority Influence
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When the influence of one person effects the ideas of the majority
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Diffusion Personality
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When people in a large group feel less responsible for what is taking place
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Altruism
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Unselfish concern of one individual for the welfare of another
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Social Cognition
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Refers to the way people gather, use, and interpret info about the social aspects of the world around them
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Attribution
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Theory to understand the casual factors of our behavior and that of others
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Dispositional Attributions
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Hold an individual responsible for their behavior
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Situational Attributions
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Look at factors in the environment to explain why someone acted the way that they did
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Self-Serving Bias
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People attribute our achievements and successes to personal stable causes and our failures to situational factors
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Fundamental Attribution Error
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Tendency to underestimate the impact of situational factors and over estimate the impact of personal factors when assessing why a person acted a certain way
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Actor-Observer Bias
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Tendency to attribute our own behavior to situational causes and the behavior of others to personal causes
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Just-world Phenomenon
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Belief that people get what they deserve
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Self-fulfilling prophecy
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Tendency to let our preconceived expectations of others influence how we treat them and bring about the behavior we expected
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Prejudice
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Unjustified negative attitude an individual has for another based on ethnicity
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Discrimination
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When prejudiced attitudes result in unjustified behavior towards members of that group
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Stereotypes
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Mental schemas society attributes uncritically to different groups
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Scapegoat theory
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When our self worth is in doubt we find others to blame
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Ethnocentrism
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Belief that own culture is superior to others
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Contact Theory
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Proposed that equal status contact between antagonistic groups should lower tension and increase harmony
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Superordinate Goal
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Emergency situation that required joint cooperation of both groups to solve
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Jigsaw Classroom
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Diverse groups of students learn a section of a lesson and must work with other students to learn entire lesson
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Mere Exposure Effect
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The more we come into contact with a person, the more likely we are to like them; also we are more likely to adopt their ideas
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Foot-in-the-door
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Tendency to comply with a large request if already complied with a smaller request
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Reciprocity
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Technique used by people soliciting for donations
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Attitudes
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Learned predisposition to respond to something in positive or negative way
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Elaboration likelihood model
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Attitude change
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Central route of Persuasion
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Speaker uses facts, figures and info to support idea
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Peripheral Route
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Superficial info is used to distract audience to make them favor something
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Cognitive Dissonance
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Tension that results from holding conflicting beliefs/attitudes/opinions
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Aggression
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An act of delivering an aversive stimulus to an unwilling victim
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Instrumental Aggression
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Purpose/Satisfaction for aggression (mom at Christmas)
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Hostile Aggression
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Feeling of anger/pain
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