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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define Social Psychology
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The scientific study of the way in which people's thoughts, feelings, and behavior are influenced by the real or imaged presence of other people.
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Observational Method (p.34)
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the technique whereby a researcher observes people and systematically records measurements or impressions of their behavior--is useful for describing the nature of a phenomenon and generating hypotheses.
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Ethnography (p.34)
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A form of the observational method by which researchers attempt to understand a group or culture by observing it from the inside, without imposing any preconceived notions they may have.
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Interjudge Reliability (p.34)
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the level of agreement between two or more people who independently observe and code a set of data; by showing that two or more judges independently come up with the same observations, researchers ensure that the observations are not subjective, distorted impressions of one individual.
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Archival analysis (p.34)
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a form of the (OM) observational method in which the researcher examines the accumulated documents, or archives, of a culture (e.g., diaries, novels, photographs, magazines, and newspapers).
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State the Limitations of the Observational Method
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it can only be used to study public behavior and records; it is not amenable to studying people's thoughts or private behaviors. Can also be difficult to generalize from observations of one particular group of people to people in general.
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Correlational method (p.37)
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the technique whereby two or more variable are systematically measured and the relationship between them assessed. Very useful when the goal is to predict one variable from another.
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What is Correlation Coefficient (p.37)/
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a statistical technique that assesses how well you can predict one variable from another. A Value from -1.00 to +1.00 is given. A correlation of -1.00 means that two variables are perfectly correlated in a negative direction.
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What are surveys and what method is often applied to them?
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the correlational method is often applied to the results of surveys; research in which a representative sample of people are asked questions (often anonymously) about their attitudes or behavior. To make sure the results are generalizable, researchers randomly select survey respondents from the population at large.
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What is Random Selection?
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a way of ensuring that a sample of people is representative of a population by giving everyone in the population an equal chance of being selected for the sample.
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State the limitations of the correlational method.
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The major limitation of this method is that it cannot determine causality. A mere correlation doe not indicate cause.
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Define the Experimental Method (p.42) and state its major advantage.
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Research in which the researcher randomly assigns participants to different conditions and ensures that these conditions are identical except for the independent variable. Major advantage: it is the only way to determine causality.
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What is Correlation Coefficient (p.37)/
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a statistical technique that assesses how well you can predict one variable from another. A Value from -1.00 to +1.00 given. A correlation of -1.00 means that two variables are perfectly correlated in a negative direction.
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What are surveys and what method is often applied to them?
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the correlational method is often applied to the results of surveys; research in which a representative sample of people are asked (often anonymously) questions about their attitudes or behavior. to make sure the results are generalize, researchers randomly select survey respondents from the population at large.
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What is Random Sampling?
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a way of ensuring that a sample of people is representative of a population by giving everyone in the population an equal chance of being selected for the sample.
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State the limitations of the correlational method.
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The major limitation of this method id that it cannot determine causality. A mere correlation doe not indicate cause.
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Define the Experimental Method (p.42) and state its major advantage.
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Research in which the researcher randomly assigns participants to different conditions and ensures that these conditions are identical except for the independent variable. Major advantage: it is the only way to determine causality.
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What is Correlation Coefficient (p.37)/
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a statistical technique that assesses how well you can predict one variable from another. A Value from -1.00 to +1.00 given. A correlation of -1.00 means that two variables are perfectly correlated in a negative direction.
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What are surveys and what method is often applied to them?
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the correlational method is often applied to the results of surveys; research in which a representative sample of people are asked (often anonymously) questions about their attitudes or behavior. to make sure the results are generalize, researchers randomly select survey respondents from the population at large.
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What is Random Sampling?
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a way of ensuring that a sample of people is representative of a population by giving everyone in the population an equal chance of being selected for the sample.
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State the limitations of the correlational method.
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The major limitation of this method id that it cannot determine causality. A mere correlation doe not indicate cause.
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Define the Experimental Method (p.42) and state its major advantage.
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Research in which the researcher randomly assigns participants to different conditions and ensures that these conditions are identical except for the independent variable. Major advantage: it is the only way to determine causality.
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What is Correlation Coefficient (p.37)/
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a statistical technique that assesses how well you can predict one variable from another. A Value from -1.00 to +1.00 given. A correlation of -1.00 means that two variables are perfectly correlated in a negative direction.
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What are surveys and what method is often applied to them?
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the correlational method is often applied to the results of surveys; research in which a representative sample of people are asked (often anonymously) questions about their attitudes or behavior. to make sure the results are generalize, researchers randomly select survey respondents from the population at large.
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What is Random Sampling?
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a way of ensuring that a sample of people is representative of a population by giving everyone in the population an equal chance of being selected for the sample.
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State the limitations of the correlational method.
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The major limitation of this method id that it cannot determine causality. A mere correlation doe not indicate cause.
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Define the Experimental Method (p.42) and state its major advantage.
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Research in which the researcher randomly assigns participants to different conditions and ensures that these conditions are identical except for the independent variable. Major advantage: it is the only way to determine causality.
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What is the Independent variable?
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The variable a researcher changes or varies to see if it has an effect on some other variable(s).
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What is the dependent variable?
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The variable a researcher MEASURES to see if it is influenced by the independent variable; the researcher hypothesized that the dependent variable will depend on the level of the independent variable.
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What is Internal validity (p.44-45)?
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It means that nothing except the independent variable affects the dependent variable.; this is accomplished by controlling all extraneous variables and through randomly assigning people to different conditions.
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