Social And Behvioral, Theory At A Glance

Front 1

Ecological Perspective

Back 1

emphasizes the interaction between, and interdependence of, factors within and across all levels of a health problem.

Front 2

The Ecological Perspective has 2 key cocepts which help to identify intervention points for promoting health:

Back 2

1. behavior both affects, and is affected by, multiple levels of influence
2. individual behavior both shapes, and is shaped by, the social environment (reciprocal causation).

Front 3

Five levels of influence of an Ecological Perspective for health related behaviors and conditions:

Back 3

1. Intrapersonal or individual factors
2.interpersonal factors
3.institutional or organizational factors
4.community factors
5. public policy factors

Front 4

Ecological Perspective levels of Influence -
1. Intrapersonal or Individual Factors

Back 4

Individual characteristics that influence behavior, such as knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, motivation, self concept, past experience, skills and personality traits.

Front 5

Ecological Perspective levels of Influence -
2. Interpersonal Factors

Back 5

Interpersonal processes and primary groups, including family, friends, and peers that provide social identify, support and role definition

Front 6

Ecological Perspective levels of Influence -
3. Institutional Factors

Back 6

Rules, regulations, policies, and informal structures, which may constrain or promote recommended behaviors

Front 7

Ecological Perspective levels of Influence -
4. Community Factors

Back 7

Social networks and norms, or standards, which exist as formal or informal among individuals, groups, and organizations

Front 8

Ecological Perspective levels of Influence -
5. Public Policy Factors

Back 8

Local, state, and federal policies and laws that regulate or support healthy actions and practices for disease prevention, early detection, control and management.

Front 9

At the individual and interpersonal levels, contemporary theories of health behavior can be broadly categorized as "Cognitive-Behavioral."
Three key concepts cut across these theories:

Back 9

1. Behavior is mediated by cognitions; that is, what people know and think affects how they act.
2. Knowledge is necessary for, but not sufficient to produce, most behavior changes.
3. Perceptions, motivations, skills, and the social environment are key influences on behavior.

Front 10

Individual-level theories

Back 10

- Health Belief Model
- The Stages of Change (Transtheoretical) model
- Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB)
- The Precaution Adoption Process Model (PAPM)