Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Herman Goring |
1893 - 1946 Commander-In-Chief of the Luftwaffe, Reichsmarschall and deputy German leader |
|
|
1939 |
The League of Nations had failed to stop aggression in Manchuria by Japan, in Ethiopia by Italy, and in Czechoslovakia by Germany France and Britain knew that Germany could not be trusted The United States had an isolationist foreign policy and avoided involvement in European politics |
|
|
Poland |
Hitler sought to dismantle Poland to reclaim lost German territory |
|
|
Soviet-Nazi Non-Aggression Pact |
1939: an agreement to partition Eastern Europe and Poland between Germany and the Soviet Union |
|
|
September 1, 1939 |
Germany invaded Poland |
|
|
Blitzkrieg |
A combination of armour, aircraft and artillery to overwhelm the Polish army The Soviets invaded Poland from the east Poland was defeated by the end of September |
|
|
Sitzkrieg |
French and British waited behind the Maginot Line |
|
|
1940 |
Hitler invaded Norway, Denmark, Belgium and Holand and went around the Maginot Line to cut France in half 300 000 British and French soldiers were rescued at Dunkirk |
|
|
June 1940 |
France surrendered Germany ruled Western Europe The Free French Army was created by General Charles Defaulted Britain lacked weapons or aircraft to defend itself They were overextended trying to defend their overseas empire Winston Churchill became Prime Minister |
|
|
October 1940 |
The Battle of Britain The Luftwaffe attacked Britain to prepare for a German invasion The British air force stopped the Luftwaffe from destroying British airfields The Germans called off the invasion |
|
|
Lend Lease |
The United States lent Britain military gear in exchange for some British military bases |
|
|
1941 |
Roosevelt and Churchill met to discuss the European situation |
|
|
Atlantic Charter |
US-British agreement A list of common war aims set the framework for the Anglo-American Grand Alliance and formed the basis of the United Nations |
|
|
June 22, 1941 |
Operation Barbarossa Hitler invaded Russia The German army drove deep into Russian territory, killing and capturing many Russian soldiers Russia's size, resources and manpower and the harsh winter would challenge the German Army The German army controlled Europe from the English Channel to the Mediterranean and from the Ural Mountains to the Atlantic Ocean A German African army went to North Africa to support the Italian army against the British They threatened to capture the Sue Canal and vital Middle Eastern oil supplies |
|
|
December 7, 1942 |
Pearl Harbour Japan attacked the American fleet in Hawaii The conquered the Philippines, British colonies in Malaysia, Hong Kong and Burma, the Dutch colonies, Vietnam as well as parts of China and threatened India Germany and Japan had achieved their greatest successes during the years of 1939 - 1942 |
|
|
January 1, 1942 |
The Washington Pact the four main Allied powers agreed to co-operate against the Axis It would later include 22 members This Alliance placed huge reserves of manpower, weapons and resources against the Axis that they could not hope to match |
|
|
1942 - 1943 |
Stalingrad A massive battle in the interior of Russia that stopped German expansion It was the largest single battle in human history It raged for 199 days The Soviet counter strike cut off and annihilated the entire 6th Army and parts of the 4th Panzer Army The Axis suffered 850 000 casualties of all types among all branches of German armed forces and it's allies: 400 000 Germans, 200 000 Romanians, 130 000 Italians, 120 000 Hungarians were killed, wounded or captured The Red Army suffered 478 741 men killed and 650 878 wounded In all, the battle resulted in an estimated total of 1.7 million to 2 million Axis and Soviet casualties, making it by far the largest in humanity's history |
|
|
1942 |
El Alamein A major battle in North Africa between the German and British armies The Germans were defeated and began to retreat The American army invaded North Africa, trapping the German forces |
|
|
May 1943 |
The Africa Korps, 150 000 men, surrendered |
|
|
1942 |
Battle of Midway The Japanese navy was defeated in the mid-Pacific by the Americans Four Japanese aircraft carriers were sunk the American military began to "island hop" across the Pacific capturing Japanese bases |
|
|
1939 - 1945 |
The Battle of the Atlantic Britain had to receive supplies from North America, from Canada and later from the US The German navy used U-boats to sink merchant ships in order to serve Britain out of the war The British, American and Canadian Navies escorted convoys and hunted for submarines to ensure the safe passage of much needed supplies 800 out of 1181 German submarines were sunk 3 out of 4 U-boat sailors are killed during the war 50 000 Allies sailors were killed, 2600 merchant ships and 175 naval ships were sunk |
|
|
1940 - 1945 |
Bombing Germany The Allies bombed German military and civilian targets 55 000 aircrew and 500 000 German civilians were killed |
|
|
Summer 1943 |
The Allies began to expand The Western Allies invaded Sicily and later Italy The Italian Fascist government collapsed and Italy joined the Allies Mussolini was rescued by the Germans but was finally murdered by his own people The Allies fought up the Italian Peninsula |
|
|
June 1944 |
The Allies captured Rome |
|
|
August 19, 1942 |
Dieppe Invasion A Canadian raid on a French port 3000 Canadians were killed or captured but lessons about a possible invasion are learned |
|
|
August 1943 |
Quebec Conference The Western Allies agree to open a second from in Europe to relieve pressure on the Soviet Union |
|
|
June 6, 1944 |
Operation Overlord D-Day The Invasion of Europe at Normandy The largest amphibious invasion in history Allied air superiority and the pressure of the invading Russian armies from the East make it difficult for the Germans to resist effectively The Germans had to deploy 168 divisions against the Russians and 45 divisions against the Western Allies The Allied armies broke of out from Normandy and advanced into Germany They also moved north from Italy and invaded southern France Russian armies pressed in across the Eastern Front The Germans were forced to fight a multiple front war They fought well but were outnumbered and overwhelmed |
|
|
April 30, 1945 |
Hitler committed suicide |
|
|
May 7, 1945 |
Germany surrendered V-E Day |
|
|
Japan |
The Japanese were pushed back in the Pacific by the Americans with heavy casualties on both sides The British, Indians and Australians pushed them back in Burma and Malaysia The Japanese still help most of China but were locked in a guerrilla war with the Chinese Communists The Japanese resort to the use of Kamikazes, suicide pilots who crashed their planes into American ships They sank or damaged 500 ships and killed hundreds of American sailors but were not enough to turn the tide |
|
|
August 6 - 9, 1945 |
The United States dropped atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki Over 150 000 people were killed and thousands more were injured Many would die of radiation poisoning and cancer years after the explosion |
|
|
August 14, 1945 |
Japan surrendered V-J Day |
