Soc1010 Exam 2

Front 1

forbidding marriage or sex outside one's assigned group is used to maintain a _____ system

Back 1

caste

Front 2

Max Weber used the concept of ______ to analyze the meaning of social class

Back 2

life changes

Front 3

Which of the following is a strong predictor of one's occupation, income, and wealth in later life?

Back 3

education

Front 4

how far an individual moves up or down the socioeconomic scale in her lifetime is called

Back 4

social mobility

Front 5

Studies of social mobility from Peter Blau and Otis Dudley Duncan's in the 1960s to Pierre Bourdieu's in the 1980s have shown that

Back 5

while there was a great deal of virtical movility, or movement along the cocieconomic scale, nearly all of it was between occupational positions quite close to one another. Long range mobility, from working class to upper class, was rear
status was educatinal attainment and transmission of cultural capital

Front 6

When on is poor compared to the standards of living of most people, she experiences

Back 6

relative poverty: it is reasonabile to call a person poor in the united states if he lacks the basic sources needed to maintain a decent standard of housing and healtier living conditions

Front 7

In Karl Marx's theory, a class is made up of people who have the same relationship to the

Back 7

Means of production:
The means in which they gain a livilihood

Front 8

Most faqmine and hunger in the world today are the outcome of

Back 8

a combination of national and social forces
the combination of drought and internal warfare has wrecked food production

Front 9

Rapid economic growth in East Asia in the 1980s and 1990s was accompanied by:

Back 9

helped to pave the way for economic growth
united states provided a big market for clothing etc. Benefied from a long period of economic growth
Economic growth took off at the high point of the cold war
Some, due to their cultural traditions shared confucian philosophy
many asian goverments followed strong policies that favored economic growth

Front 10

Sweatshops are:

Back 10

low wage low factory, a small factory that has numerous violations of wage, health and safety laws

Front 11

Which theory promotes the adoption of Western capitalist economic systems and values as the road to economic development

Back 11

market oriented theories

Front 12

The ______ are regions of the world that apply technology invented elsewhere in their own production and consumption systems

Back 12

Technology Adopters

Front 13

In what way could you personally help reduce the amount of expolitive and dangerous child labor in the world today?

Back 13

stop buying from these countries

Front 14

Which gender is the dominant and aggressive one among the !Kung of the Kalahar Desert?

Back 14

Agressive behavior isn't tolerated

Front 15

_____ refers to any difference in status, power, and prestige between men and women in groups, collectives, and societies

Back 15

gender inequality

Front 16

Which of the following has been offered as a sociological explanation for the gap between women's and men's work in the home?

Back 16

household work is exchanged for economic support
women's jobs bind them to a fix time mens household tasks are done less regularly & more discretionary
family incorporates a strong & relatively enduring association of caring activity
men are expected to be providers women expected to tend to their families

Front 17

_______ is the systematic domination of females by males

Back 17

patriarchy

Front 18

______ means that women and men are concerntrated in different occupations

Back 18

sex segregation

Front 19

What agency has helped develop ties among women's movements in countries around the world?

Back 19

modern womens movement

Front 20

Overall, sociologist conclude that

Back 20

no society can truly hope to better the lives of its citizens until it fosters gender equality

Front 21

When people adope an identity in some contexts but not in others they are practicing

Back 21

symbolic ethnicity

Front 22

Behavior that disqualifies members of one group from opportunities available to others is:

Back 22

new racism or cultural racism

Front 23

Racism that is not simply the opinions of a small seqment of the population, but systematically pervades all of a society's structures and operations, is known as

Back 23

institutional racism

Front 24

Suspicion of outsiders and a tendency to judge other cultures in terms of one'w own cultural standards is called

Back 24

look up

Front 25

in several parts of former Yugoslavia, certain ethnic groups were subjected to harassment, threats, and campaigns of terror in order to forcibly expel them and create ethnically homogeneous regions. This practice is known as

Back 25

ethnic cleansing

Front 26

When a group takes over the attitudes and language of the dominate community they have engaged in

Back 26

Assimilation

Front 27

Global migratory patterns are a result of the combination of _____, the movement of people into a country to settle, and ______, the process by which people leave a country to settle in another

Back 27

immigration
emigration

Front 28

More than 99 percent of the people in the United States are descended from

Back 28

look up

Front 29

Average life expectancy in the world today is

Back 29

65 years old

Front 30

Which of the following is the sociological definition of aging?

Back 30

biological: physical body
phychological: mind & mental capibility
social one: cultural norms, role expectations

Front 31

Role expectations for the elderly vary

Back 31

supreme court justice, senior advisor doting grandparent religious elder, grumpy old men, senior citizen, spinster, mentally confused, duddering old men

Front 32

Recent theories on aging emphasize

Back 32

view elderly as playing an active role in determining their own physical & mental well-being, family work and living conditions are important sources of one's self-concept

Front 33

Research in the United States shows:

Back 33

look up

Front 34

The average monthly benefit for recipients of social security

Back 34

$845 retired
$786 disabled
$810 nondisabled - weren't widowed or workers

Front 35

The question of generational equity will become more acute as

Back 35

fewer and fewer working age people to shoulder the tzx burden necessary to support more and more retirees. May come a time when a predominately white elderly retired population is supported by taxes paid by a predominately nonwhite working population

Front 36

Which of the following is a characteristic of a traditional state?

Back 36

population ruled by a king or emperor with little awareness or interest in who governed them. Had no political rights or influence. Only the dominate classes or more affluent groups felt a sense of belonging to an overall political community

Front 37

Which of the following is a characteristic of a nation-state

Back 37

provides a sovereign territory. Government possesses authority over an area with clear cut bounderies, within which it is the supreme power

Front 38

The primary source of the contradictions that lead to class struggle and revolution is ______, in Marx's model

Back 38

economic changes or changes in the force of production. As forces of production alter contradiction is intensified, leading to open clashes between classes

Front 39

Which of the following contributed to the "wave of democracy" in the 1980s and '90s

Back 39

look up

Front 40

Why do corporations prefer to do business in democratic states, according to the text?

Back 40

look up

Front 41

According to Ehrenreich ("Nickled and Dimed")

Back 41

book on an experiment on low income and how to live

Front 42

Anderson sees much of the code of the streets as an effort to:

Back 42

exists in poor, inner-city African-American communities. While some people do not adhere to the values underlying this particular code, it places all young African-American males under extreme pressure to respond to in certain ways to certain compromising situations. Anderson Heargues ostensibly that young black males learn criminal activity a

Front 43

Among the functions of the idea of an "undeserving poor" are all of the following EXCEPT:

Back 43

look up

Front 44

Robert Reich describes inequality in wealth and earnings in the US as:

Back 44

look up

Front 45

Reich believes that, in addition to global economic changes, the "social compact" is weaker because

Back 45

Americans no longer face the common perils of Depression, hot war, or cold war
new global economy, those more skilled, more tallented, or wealthier are not as economically dependent on the local or regional economy
the wealthy and poor are likely to have markedly different life experiences.

Front 46

Ritzer thinks the strongest criticixms of the McDonal's system are ones that:

Back 46

People who were born before the process and knew a different way of life
people from non-mcdonalds cultures

Front 47

The perspective of the author of "Border State Patrol" could best be described as that of:

Back 47

suspicion is common and fair treatment is not always forthcoming.

Front 48

Most people who study deviance, including William Chambliss ("Sains and Roughnecks")recognize that

Back 48

visibility, demeanor,bias. Roughnecks patternof deviancy was reinforced, and breaking away from it became increasingly unlikely. this will continue unless some event external to the established relationship intervenes.

Front 49

Ehrenreich concludes from her study that:

Back 49

its impossible to live on a low salery

Front 50

Low tips or the failure to be tipped at all is interpreted by the waitresses as

Back 50

Divert blame for stiffs and low tips from the waitress to the characteristics of the customer.