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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Three "opportunities" at birth that give an economic advantage
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1. native intelligence above normal range
2. Parents are married and love both each other and you 3. at least one parent has a marketable job skill |
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Conceptualizations of poverty
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- as deprivation
- as inequality in the distribution of income - as culture - as exploitation by the ruling class - as structure |
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digital divide
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economic and social gap between those with computer skills and access to technology
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Poverty
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the household income is inadequate as judged by a specific standard
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The standard
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relative poverty: lowest 1/3, 1.4, 1/5 considered poor, con- always poor
Market Basket Concept: all food needs met and twice the amount left over for housing and other expenses |
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four predominant factors affecting poverty demographics
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1. overall performance of economy
2. composition of households and their access to work 3. expenditure of social programs 4. types of programs implemented and effectiveness of those programs |
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welfare reform
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- social security act of 1935: "right to welfare"
- Aid to dependent children program, aid to families with dependent children - Clinton: budget reconciliation act. Temporary assistance to needy families (TANF) 20% hardship exception, 5 years time limit |
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Current strategies for addressing poverty
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- a strong market and family system
- social insurance programs - Public assistance programs - In-kind benefits and tax credit |
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Political Perspectives
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- individualist: result of bad choices
- collectivist: barriers to success and lack of opportunity |
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Three causes of Homelessness in youth
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1- family problems
2- economic problems 3- residential instability |
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Family with children
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largest group of those who are homeless
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ethnic homelessness
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40% black
40% white 11% hispanic 8% native american 1% asian |
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veterans
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vietnam vets at greatest risk
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addiction disorders
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destruction of single room occupancy: major factor in increasing homelessness
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unemployed and underemployed
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15% of homeless have jobs but still dont have enough $ to get a home
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The Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance Act
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- originally 15 programs that provided services like emergency shelter, transitional housing, job training, primary health care, education and some permanent housing.
- treated effects not root causes - Root causes: lack of jobs that pay LIVING wage, inadequate benefits for those who dont work, lack of affordable housing, lack of access to healthcare |
