Soc Final

Front 1

Assimilation

Back 1

The process by which a minority group is absorbed into the mainstream culture. There are two types. In forced assimilation, the dominant group refuses to allow the minority to practice its religion, to speak its language, or to follow its customs. Permissible assimilation, in contrast, allows the minority to adopt the dominant group’s patterns in its own way and at its own speed.

Front 2

Dominant group

Back 2

The group with the most power, greatest privileges, and highest social status

Front 3

Genocide

Back 3

The annihilation or attempted annihilation of a people because of their presumed race or ethnicity.

Front 4

Internal Colonialism

Back 4

The policy of exploiting minority groups for economic gain interview direct questioning of respondents.

Front 5

multiculturalism

Back 5

(or pluralism) a policy that permits or encourages ethnic differences

Front 6

prejudice

Back 6

an attitude or prejudging, usually in a negative way

Front 7

scapegoat

Back 7

an individual or group unfairly blamed for someone else’s troubles

Front 8

white ethnics

Back 8

white immigrants to the United States whose cultures differ from WASP culture

Front 9

authoritarian personality

Back 9

Theodor Adorno’s term for people who are prejudiced and rank high on scales of conformity, intolerance, insecurity, respect for authority, and submissiveness to superiors

Front 10

ethnic work

Back 10

activities designed to discover, enhance, maintain, or transmit an ethnic or racial identity

Front 11

discrimination

Back 11

Individual discrimination is the negative treatment of one person by another, while institutional discrimination is negative treatment that is built into social institutions.

Front 12

melting pot

Back 12

This has confounded the experts, who thought that the United States would be a melting pot, with most of its groups blending into a sort of ethnic stew.

Front 13

pluralism

Back 13

A diffusion of power among many special-interest groups, prevents any one group from gaining control of the government and using it to oppress the people.

Front 14

racism

Back 14

prejudice and discrimination on the basis of race

Front 15

segregation

Back 15

the policy of keeping racial–ethnic groups apart

Front 16

ethnicity

Back 16

(and ethnic) having distinctive cultural characteristics

Front 17

institutional discrimination

Back 17

negative treatment of a minority group that is built into a society’s institutions; also called systemic discrimination

Front 18

minority group

Back 18

people who are singled out for unequal treatment and who regard themselves as objects of collective discrimination

Front 19

population transfer

Back 19

the forced transfer of a minority group

Front 20

racism

Back 20

prejudice and discrimination on the basis of race

Front 21

WASP

Back 21

white anglo saxon protestant

Front 22

ageism

Back 22

prejudice and discrimination directed against people because of their age; can be directed against any age group, including youth

Front 23

gender stratification

Back 23

males’ and females’ unequal access to property, power, and prestige

Front 24

graying of America

Back 24

the growing percentage of older people in the U.S. population

Front 25

patriarchy

Back 25

men-as-a-group dominating women-as-a-group; authority is vested in males

Front 26

feminization of poverty

Back 26

a condition of U.S. poverty in which most poor families are headed by women

Front 27

feminism

Back 27

the philosophy that men and women should be politically, economically, and socially equal; organized activities on behalf of this principle

Front 28

glass ceiling

Back 28

the mostly invisible barrier that keeps women from advancing to the top levels at work

Front 29

life expectancy

Back 29

the number of years that an average person at any age, including newborns, can expect to live

Front 30

sex

Back 30

biological characteristics that distinguish females and males, consisting of primary and secondary sex characteristics

Front 31

second shift

Back 31

In her 1989 book entitled The Second Shift, Arlie Hochschild explains that the household responsibilities that a wife and mother takes care of, aside from working her paid job, add up to at least 40 hours each week. The book and the sociological principle assert that even though Mom and Dad both have careers, it's usually Mom who also works the second shift at home, too. The second shift includes the work performed at home, in addition to the work performed in the professional sector.

Front 32

gender

Back 32

the behaviors and attitudes that a society considers proper for its males and females; masculinity or femininity

Front 33

glass escalator

Back 33

refers to how men in female-dominated careers, such as teaching and nursing, often rise higher and faster than women in male-dominated fields.

Front 34

life span

Back 34

the maximum length of life of a species; for humans, the longest that a human has lived

Front 35

sexual harassment

Back 35

the abuse of one’s position of authority to force unwanted sexual demands on someone

Front 36

baby boomers

Back 36

are people born during the demographic Post–World War II baby boom between the years 1946 and 1964. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the term "baby boomer" is also used in a cultural context.

Front 37

blended family

Back 37

a family whose members were once part of other families

Front 38

exogamy

Back 38

the practice of marrying outside of one’s group

Front 39

family of orientation

Back 39

the family in which a person grows up

Front 40

homogamy

Back 40

the tendency of people with similar characteristics to marry one another

Front 41

matriarchy

Back 41

a society in which women-as-a-group dominate men-as- a-group; authority is vested in females

Front 42

polyandry

Back 42

a form of marriage in which women have more than one husband

Front 43

serial fatherhood

Back 43

a pattern of parenting in which a father, after divorce, reduces contact with his own children, serves as a father to the children of the woman he marries or lives with, then ignores his own children after moving in with or marrying another woman; this pattern repeats

Front 44

cohabitation

Back 44

unmarried couples living together in a sexual relationship (Keng and rachel)

Front 45

extended family

Back 45

a family in which relatives, such as the “older generation” or unmarried aunts and uncles, live with the parents and their children

Front 46

family of procreation

Back 46

the family formed when a couple’s first child is born

Front 47

incest taboo

Back 47

the rule that prohibits sex and marriage among designated relatives

Front 48

nuclear family

Back 48

a family consisting of a husband, wife, and child(ren)

Front 49

polygyny

Back 49

a form of marriage in which men have more than one wife

Front 50

endogamy

Back 50

the practice of marrying within one’s own group

Front 51

family

Back 51

two or more people who consider themselves related by blood, marriage, or adoption

Front 52

propinquity

Back 52

spatial nearness

Front 53

marriage

Back 53

a group’s approved mating arrangements, usually marked by a ritual of some sort

Front 54

romantic love

Back 54

feelings of erotic attraction accompanied by an idealization of the other