Soc Exam 2

Front 1

relativizing

Back 1

understand that fact or truth varies by culture and time

Front 2

debunking

Back 2

policy challenged and exposed as benefiting 1 group at the expense of another

Front 3

reality rip

Back 3

micro level crisis with macro implications, leaves large # of people feeling vulnerable

Front 4

cultural universal

Back 4

pattern socially created and found in every society around the world...incest

Front 5

cultural relativism

Back 5

approach to diff cultures that strives to understand them w/o judgment

Front 6

norms

Back 6

basic rules of conduct, informal or law. ex: class, tuition

Front 7

folkways

Back 7

less significant norm dealing with etiquette, natl anthem etc

Front 8

mores

Back 8

norms that are shared in a culture that have great moral significance

Front 9

taboos

Back 9

type of more, contrary to common good so much that it leads to ?/

Front 10

2 rules of communications

Back 10

1. what i say isn't always what you hear
2. nothing never happens

Front 11

subculture

Back 11

exists within dominant culture and has characteristics that are distinctive from dominant but not in conflict with it...tats, irish americans

Front 12

counterculture

Back 12

exists within dominant and has characteristiscs that are in conflict
skinheads, drugees

Front 13

achieved status

Back 13

enter into voluntarily

Front 14

ascribed status

Back 14

occupy involuntarily

Front 15

salient status

Back 15

at the top

Front 16

status articulation

Back 16

individual ranks or prioritizes various statuses they occupy

Front 17

role strain

Back 17

when and individual occupies a single status that has competing or conflicting demands

Front 18

role conflict

Back 18

when and individual occupies 2 or more statuses with competing/conflicting demands

Front 19

role set

Back 19

various roles attached to a status

Front 20

expressive roles

Back 20

reduce tension
creats harmony in groups

Front 21

instrumental roles

Back 21

goal oriented
can see success or failure

Front 22

aggregates

Back 22

ppl randomly at the same place at the same time

Front 23

collectivities

Back 23

when strangers rrespond to a common stimulus

Front 24

categories

Back 24

large # of people sharing a common characteristics

Front 25

primary group

Back 25

small social group in which relationships are personal, may form within secondary

Front 26

characteristics of small groups

Back 26

1. recurrent interaction
2. consciousness of kin
3. proximity
4. functions

Front 27

secondary group

Back 27

large and impersonal social group based on speciial interst or activity

Front 28

stereotyping

Back 28

broad generalizations applied without exception to whole catergory
-very resistent to change becuase selective perception

Front 29

scapegoating

Back 29

in group to outgroup, single out individual and blame your problems on them, accepting congenial truth

Front 30

traditional marriage

Back 30

legal contract between 3
-meets societal needs, socialize kids, procreate
lifelong dyad

Front 31

companionate marriage

Back 31

promotes sexual and emotional happiness
still legal contract
more micro level
less dividion of labor by gender

Front 32

group

Back 32

2 or more people who have an identity as a memeber of a configuration and who interact over time

Front 33

organic solidarity

Back 33

specialization of function that creats an interdependence
ex: public schools

Front 34

bureaucracy characteristiscs

Back 34

1. based on competance
2. clearly defined division of labor
3. ladder, person at top ultimately responsible
4. most efficient in gesell

Front 35

bureaucratic ritualism

Back 35

rules become more important than the goals

Front 36

parkinsons law

Back 36

work expands to fill time alloted to it.
longer you have the more time it takes

Front 37

the peter principle

Back 37

ppl get promoted to their highest level of incompetance

Front 38

trained incapacity/bureaucratic personality

Back 38

person good atg psecific job but nothing else, can't problem solve

Front 39

IRB's

Back 39

institutional review boards
-in all institutions that do research to get fed money
-must submit a proposal

Front 40

in group

Back 40

category of people that demands a lot of loyalty from memebers

Front 41

outgroup

Back 41

despise them

Front 42

sapir-whorf hypothesis

Back 42

language doesn't merely reflect the way a culture thinks about something, can be a vehicle for social change

Front 43

cooley's looking glass self concept

Back 43

how individual sees self based on how they THINK others see them
-might not be actual

Front 44

subculture of deviance

Back 44

deviance learned through socialization

Front 45

structuralism

Back 45

can explain or understsnd a person's behavior by knwoing their status...uniformity

Front 46

symbolic interactionism

Back 46

status and definition of the individual's situation
-why ppl in the same status behave differently

Front 47

dramaturgy

Back 47

how the same individual behaves differently in front of different audiences

Front 48

labeling theory

Back 48

-explains how an individual becomes social deviant
-key info= the label (subj) rather than the behavior (obj)

Front 49

once an individual is labeled a deviant, latent consequences of secondary deviance are

Back 49

1. changed self concept
2. changed opportunity structure
3. differential association, may be shunned

Front 50

functionalism

Back 50

what benefits one part benefits all parts
-equil when fxns are assigned to parts best suited to perform
-values get created

Front 51

when material culture changes more quickly than nonmaterial

Back 51

culture lag

Front 52

anomie

Back 52

follows culture lag with guilt
-normlessness

Front 53

haves use what to keep power

Back 53

coercion

Front 54

what keeps have nots from realziing their oppression

Back 54

false consciousness of wellbeing

Front 55

have nots come together and realize oppression

Back 55

collective consciousness...revolution

Front 56

if haves feel threatened they will

Back 56

backlash

Front 57

what humans have in place of instincts and why

Back 57

drives...diverseways of satisfying needs, instincts are the same way every time

Front 58

instincts

Back 58

same way every time

Front 59

Merton used this term synonymously with structural strain – the gap between goals and legitimate means that society provides to achieve this goal.

Back 59

anomie

Front 60

Some theorists argue that deviant behavior actually helps to unite the members of a society because it helps impose moral order. This macro-level theory explains this phenomenon.

Back 60

functionalism

Front 61

what humans have in place of instincts and why

Back 61

drives...diverseways of satisfying needs, instincts are the same way every time

Front 62

instincts

Back 62

same way every time

Front 63

Merton used this term synonymously with structural strain – the gap between goals and legitimate means that society provides to achieve this goal.

Back 63

anomie

Front 64

Some theorists argue that deviant behavior actually helps to unite the members of a society because it helps impose moral order. This macro-level theory explains this phenomenon.

Back 64

functionalism