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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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assumption of offender deficit
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-offenders who break the law have some psychological deficit that distinguishes them from normal law-abiding citizens
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assumption of discriminating traits
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-offenders are distinguished from nonoffenders by, for example, their high levels of impulsiveness and agression
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community psychology
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-sees social problems and crime as largely a product of organizational and institutional characteristics of society..
-closely related to sociology |
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id
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-the most inaccesible and primitive part of the brain
-biological urges that strive for gratification |
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the ego mediates between
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-between teh id and the superego
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ego
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-the rational part of the brain
-deals with reality and making decisions |
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superego
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-the ethical and moral part of the brain, and the conscience
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socialization
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-the interactive process where ppl learn and internalize the culture of their society or group
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moral devpt theory
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-individual psychology that looks at how moral reasoning emerges in the individual and develops as the individual matures
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classical conditioning
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-a stimulus is paired with another stimulus to get a response, then the neutral stimulus gets the same response without the pairing
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extraversion
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-a personality characteristic associated with sociability, impulsiveness, and aggresion
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modelling
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-learning that occurs as a result of watching and imitating others
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autonomic reactivity
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-a measurement of the extent to which an individuals physical organism reacts to external stimuli
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operant conditioning
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-an individuals' behavior is shaped by reinforcement or by punishment
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token economy
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-a behavior therapy based on operant learning
-ppl are rewarded with positive behavior, and punished for negative behavior |
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antisocial personality disorder
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-disregard for the rights of others, impulsivity, irresponsibility, and aggressiveness
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psychological theory
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-primarily concerned with the explanations of behavior at the level of the individual
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community psychology
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-view social problems from a "level of analysis" perspective
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levels of analysis
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a. individual
b. small group c. organizational d. institutional e. community |
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psychoanalytic theory
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five stages of devpt:
a.oral b.anal c.phallic d.latency e.genital |
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3 components of personality
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a. id
b. ego c. superego |
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psychoanalytic theories of criminology
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-state crime occurs when the ego and superego are unable to restrain the id
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kohlberg's moral devpt
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-criticized from feminist perspective
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Eysenck's theory of crime and personality
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-based on classical conditioning
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Eysenck's 3 dimensions of personality
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a. extraversion
b. neuroticism c. psychoticism |
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social learning theory
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-integrates sociology and psychology to explain crime
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how can an individual LEARN aggressive behavior (social learning theory)
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a. family
b. subcultural influences c. symbolic modeling |
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what deterrance occurs through
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a. legal sanction
b. social sanction c. self sanction |
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psychopathy
(often confused with antisocial personality) |
-a pattern of behavioral features similiar to antisocial, but also has a lack of remorse, guilt, or shame
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