Soc 315 - Lesson 2

Front 1

A statement of a relationships between two or more variables. (p. 37)

Back 1

hypothesis

Front 2

The degree to which the research yields the same results when repeated by the same researcher or other researchers. (p. 40)

Back 2

reliability

Front 3

Usually involves one person asking another person questions, with the answers being recorded. (p. 41)

Back 3

interview

Front 4

A research technique for describing a social group from the group's own point of view. (p. 43)

Back 4

ethnography

Front 5

The paying of close attention to changes in families over time.
(p.56)

Back 5

developmental family life cycle theory

Front 6

A focus on the micropatterns of face-to-face interaction among people in specific settings such as marriages and families. (p. 53)

Back 6

symbolic interactionsim

Front 7

A view of society as an organized and stable system, made up of a
variety of interrelated parts or structures. (p. 47)

Back 7

structural functionalism

Front 8

Adopts an economic model of human behavior. (p. 55)

Back 8

social-exchange theory

Front 9

Encourages self-confidence, rationality, competition, and coolness. (p. 50)

Back 9

instrumental traits

Front 10

A set of beliefs about the superiority of men and inferiority of women that justifies prejudice and discrimination against women. (p. 57)

Back 10

sexism

Front 11

An explanation of some phenomenon. (p.36)

Back 11

theory

Front 12

Provides empirical evidence as a basis for knowledge or theories.

Back 12

scientific research

Front 13

Factors that can have two or more values. (p. 37)

Back 13

variables

Front 14

Data or evidence that can be confirmed by the use of one or more of the human senses. (p. 37)

Back 14

empirical evidence

Front 15

A set of procedures intended to ensure accuracy and honesty throughout the research process. (p. 37)

Back 15

scientific method

Front 16

The degree to which the study measures exactly what it claims to be measuring. (p. 40)

Back 16

validity

Front 17

Enable scientists and others to gather information by asking people questions. (p. 41)

Back 17

survey

Front 18

Usually provides autonomy to persons answering researchers' questions. (p. 41)

Back 18

questionnaire

Front 19

People frequently modifying their behavior because they are aware that they are being observed. (p. 42)

Back 19

Hawthorne effect

Front 20

A detailed, in-depth examination of a single unit. (p. 42)

Back 20

case study

Front 21

Methods designed to study conditions or processes that are hard to measure numerically. (p. 41)

Back 21

qualitative analysis

Front 22

C. The study of variables that can be measured numerically. (p. 40)

Back 22

quantitative analysis

Front 23

A system of beliefs.

Back 23

ideology

Front 24

A minitheory, a set of propositions intended to account for a limited set of facts. (p. 47)

Back 24

theory model

Front 25

Intended, overt function. (p. 49)

Back 25

manifest function

Front 26

An unintended, unrecognized function. (p.49)

Back 26

latent function

Front 27

Performing a positive service by helping to maintain the system in a balanced state or promoting the achievement of goals. (p. 49)

Back 27

functional

Front 28

A feature of a system that might actually hamper the achievement of the group goals and disrupt the system's balance. (p. 49)

Back 28

dysfunctional

Front 29

Focuses on social structures and institutions and the notion that conflict is natural and inevitable in all human interactions. (p. 52)

Back 29

conflict theory

Front 30

Objects, words, sounds, and events that are given meaning by members of a culture. (p. 53)

Back 30

symbols

Front 31

The process whereby people assign meanings to social phenomena that almost always cause those who draw upon these meanings to emphasize some aspect of a phenomenon and to ignore others. (p. 53)

Back 31

social construction of social construction of reality

Front 32

An extension of symbolic-interaction theory in which the analysis is framed entirely in terms of a conceptualization of the social construction of reality. (p. 53-54)

Back 32

social contructionism

Front 33

Traits which encourage nurturance, emotionality, sensitivity, and warmth. (p. 50)

Back 33

expressive traits

Front 34

A(An) _______________ is an explanation of some phenomenon.

variable

symbol

hypothesis

theory

Back 34

theory

Front 35

Data or evidence that can be confirmed by the use of one or more human senses is

a theory.

empirical evidence.

a variable.

a symbol.

Back 35

empirical evidence.

Front 36

______________ is the degree to which a study measures exactly what it claims to be measuring.

Empirical evidence

Validity

The scientific method

Reliability

Back 36

Validity

Front 37

When people are aware that they are being observed, they frequently modify their behavior, either deliberately or subconsciously. This phenomenon is known as

manifest functions.

ethnography.

the Hawthorne effect.

expressive traits.

Back 37

the Hawthorne effect.

Front 38

A (an)______________ is a broad explanation of social reality from a particular point of view.

variable

theory model

hypothesis

perspective

Back 38

perspective

Front 39

A ______________ would examine such issues as how families organize themselves for survival and what functions families perform for society and for their individual members.

structural functionalist

symbolic interactionist

social constructionist

conflict theorist

Back 39

structural functionalist

Front 40

When a feature of social system is not performing a positive service by helping to maintain the system in a balanced state, it is considered to be

functional.

a manifest function.

dysfunctional.

a latent function.

Back 40

dysfunctional.

Front 41

From the ________________ perspective, marriages and families can be viewed as smaller versions of the larger class system, where the well-being of one class is the result of exploitation of another class.

structural functionalism

social constructionism

conflict

symbolic interactionism

Back 41

conflict

Front 42

The _____________ is based on the notion that society is made up of interacting individuals who communicate primarily through the use of objects, words, sounds, and events that are given meaning by members of a culture.

symbolic-interactionism

developmental family life cycle theory

social-exchange theory

conflict theory

Back 42

symbolic-interactionism

Front 43

That culture, history, politics, and economic conditions all influence individual experiences of social reality is a fundamental assumption of the _____________ perspective.

structural functionalism

social-exchange theory

social constructionist

developmental family life cycle theory

Back 43

social constructionist

Front 44

One of the criticisms of social-exchange theory is that

the model is specific to a particular time and place, does not utilize a historical context, and does not deal with the diversity of experiences that have always characterized U.S. families.

its underlying assumptions that power is people's main objective and conflict is the major feature of social life are too narrow.

it ignores the objective realities of inequality, racism, sexism, and the differential distribution of wealth, status, and power among the various groups.

it assumes that humans are rational, calculating beings who consciously weigh the costs versus the benefits of their relationships.

Back 44

it assumes that humans are rational, calculating beings who consciously weigh the costs versus the benefits of their relationships.

Front 45

The _______________ theory assumes that sexism is the basis of women's inequality.

lesbian feminist

socialist feminist

liberal feminist

Back 45

liberal feminist

Front 46

Socialist feminist theory
combines classic Marxian class analysis and the feminist principle of social protest.

contends that oppression is pervasive throughout society.

maintains that the sexual division of labor is the first form of class conflict.

focuses on issues of equal opportunity and individual choice.

Back 46

maintains that the sexual division of labor is the first form of class conflict.

Front 47

One very important criticism of most feminist theories is that

they are biased toward the experiences of white, middle-class, heterosexual women.

humans are rational, calculating beings who consciously weigh the costs versus the benefits of their relationships.

it ignores the objective realities of inequality, racism, sexism, and the differential distribution of wealth, status, and power among the various groups.

the underlying assumptions that power is people's main objective and conflict is the major feature of social life are too narrow.

Back 47

they are biased toward the experiences of white, middle-class, heterosexual women.

Front 48

A major criticism of the new politics of masculinity is

the underlying assumptions that power is people's main objective and conflict is the major feature of social life are too narrow.

its view of men as primary victims.

it ignores the objective realities of inequality, racism, sexism, and the differential distribution of wealth, status, and power among the various groups.

its view that humans are rational, calculating beings who consciously weigh the costs versus the benefits of their relationships.

Back 48

its view of men as primary victims.