Soc 201

Front 1

3 steps to becoming a marijuana user

Back 1

1. be able to get high
2. recognize the effects
3. enjoy the sensations

Front 2

4 symptoms of alcohol abuse

Back 2

1. craving
2. loss of control
3. physical dependence
4. tolerance

Front 3

aging out

Back 3

decline in alcohol abuse
-white adolescents more likely to drink, but more likely to age out

Front 4

In ethnic minorities alcoholism is associated with _____

Back 4

stress

Front 5

3 types of stress associated with alcoholism in ethnic minorities

Back 5

accumulative, socio-economic, minority

Front 6

accumulative stress

Back 6

ethnic immagrants who leave home country and are adapting to a new country

Front 7

socio-econmic stress

Back 7

feel disempowered by social and economic inequalities in the US

Front 8

minority stress

Back 8

tension caused by discrimination

Front 9

Harrison Narcotics Act

Back 9

1914 - outlaws cocaine

associated with blacks raping white women

Front 10

cocaine supply & demand increases, and prices fell

Back 10

1978-1987

Front 11

Societal consequences from using drugs

Back 11

family
crime
economic
health

Front 12

family costs of drug use

Back 12

neglect of children, domestic violence

Front 13

crime costs of drug use

Back 13

majority of arrests because of drugs, alcohol arrests on campuses

Front 14

economic costs of drug use

Back 14

revenue lost to underground economy

drug tests at work cost $

rehabillitation programs cost $

Front 15

health costs of drug use

Back 15

shortened life expectancy
higher morbidity
disease from sharing needles
higher death rates

Front 16

crime

Back 16

violation of law, no law no crime

Front 17

2 categories of crime

Back 17

felony (murder, rape)
misdemeanor (traffic violation)

Front 18

structural disadvantages associated with crime

Back 18

poverty
unemployment
economic disadvantage for african americans

Front 19

burglary vs. robbery

Back 19

burglary: no threat of violence
robbery: act of violence or threat

Front 20

juvenile delinquency

Back 20

breaking a law or committing a crime between the ages of 7-17

Front 21

delinquency

Back 21

lack of strong social bonds

Front 22

3 categories of white collar crime

Back 22

1. a crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of their occupation

2. financial/economic gain

3. crimes taking place in a particular business or organization

Front 23

what are the problems that individuals face upon reentry into society

Back 23

difficulty finding a job, stigma, nowhere to live, post traumatic stress, not being able to vote, forming relationships, drug abuse, health care

Front 24

reasons for punishment

Back 24

retribution
deterrence
rehabilitation
societal protection

Front 25

community based corrections

Back 25

probation
shock probation (jail then probation)
parole

Front 26

restorative justice

Back 26

focuses on the victim, the community, and offender accountability

Front 27

Furman vs. Georgia

Back 27

1972 cruel & unusual punishment
40 death penalty statutes voided
629 went from death row tolife in prison

Front 28

Gregg vs. Georgia

Back 28

1976 death penalty reinstated

Front 29

3 procedural reforms in death penalty

Back 29

1. bifurcated trial (decided if guilty/not guilty, then decide punishment)
2. automatic appellate review (offender may appeal conviction and sentancing)
3. proportionality review (helps state, identify, and eliminate sentancing disparities)

Front 30

Coker vs. Georgia

Back 30

death penalty unconstutional for adult woman rape that was not killed

Front 31

Governer George Ryan

Back 31

in 2003 he granted clemency to 167 death row inmates

Front 32

methods of execution

Back 32

1. gas chamber
2. electricution
3. hanging
4. firing squad
5. lethal injection

Front 33

Baldis study

Back 33

more likely to go to death row for killing whites or people with higher socio-economic status

Front 34

Stanford study

Back 34

male murderers with stereotypically "black looking" features more than 2 times more likely to et death sentance

Front 35

Justice Dept. study

Back 35

prosecutors use peremptory challenges to remove jurors

Front 36

Atkins vs. Virginia

Back 36

unconstitutional to sentance individuals with mental retardation to death row

Front 37

arguements for & against death penalty

Back 37

deterrence, retribution, innocence, arbitrariness & discrimination

Front 38

Violence as a social problem...

Back 38

what do the actors intend by their actions?

does the violence conform to or violate our social norms & values?

does the violence support or threaten social order?

is the violence committed by or against governments?

Front 39

2 types of violence

Back 39

individual

group

Front 40

3 types of group violence

Back 40

1. situational group violence
2. organized group violence
3. institutionalized group violence

Front 41

mass murder

Back 41

intentional killing of 4 or more people at one time and place

Front 42

common characteristics of a serial killer

Back 42

somewhat older than those who commit single murders

almost all are men

most mentally ill

Front 43

marx's structural violence

Back 43

the use of violence by elites to protect their power & privilege