Soc 151

Front 1

What are deterministic models?

Back 1

Models that demonstrate how individual should fufill predestined roles in order to perpetuate society; Bowles and Ginitis;

Front 2

What are culturally attuned models?

Back 2

These models basically say that we should first look at an individual and then observe the surrounding social structures; Willis and Giroux;

Front 3

What is cultural capital?

Back 3

Cultural background, knowledge, disposition, and skills that are passed from one generation to the next;

Front 4

What is habitus?

Back 4

Attitudes, beliefs and experiences of those inhabitating one's social world;

Front 5

What is a subculture?

Back 5

A group that is somewhat set apart from the dominant cultures in society with their own identity and values;

Front 6

What is education?

Back 6

A structured form of socialization in which a culture's knowledge, skills and values are transmitted from one generation to the next;

Front 7

What are some of the social functions of schools?

Back 7

1) instill self disicipline
2) teach skills
3) select talent
4) reproduce culture

Front 8

What are between school inequalities?

Back 8

Differences in the child's social environment - like teaching quality;

Front 9

What is an example of within schools?

Back 9

Tracking - only benefits advanced students;

Front 10

What were the two schools that Kozol studied?

Back 10

PS 261 - roller rink, no AC, etc.

PS 41 - solid library, computers, trees, etc.

Front 11

What were the two reports done on UK schools?

Back 11

The Coleman Report and hte Rutter's English Study

Front 12

What did the Coleman Report say about UK schools?

Back 12

He believed that the child's school environment caused inequality;

Front 13

What did Rutter's study say about UK schools?

Back 13

He found that teachers influenced student performance;

Front 14

What is human capital?

Back 14

A theory that states that with greater education, people can gain more skills, and then this will make the worker more productive, and therefore, more valuable in the job market;

Front 15

What is credentialing?

Back 15

The idea that educational attainment leads to job opportunities, even if there are no specific skills learned in the education;

Front 16

What is the cooling out period?

Back 16

Basically when aspirations fail to meet achievements;

Front 17

How did the HH treat women?

Back 17

They treated women as objects, and Blacks as victims;

Front 18

What do the Brothers blame for their lack of success?

Back 18

They blame themselves, and the lack of economic opportunity; they do not see racism as an important factor;

Front 19

What are some positive functions of the working poor?

Back 19

1) Risk Reduction
2) Labor Supply
3) Military People
4) Scapegoating
5) Spatial Cleansing
6) Illegal Drugs

Front 20

How does racial domination occur?

Back 20

It is embedded in the social structure; the Brothers facial racial stereotypes that give them a negative view in the workplace; Social tension, reduced occupational networks and discrimination may all influence their lack of success in the labor market;

Front 21

What is being done to help individuals like the Brothers and the HH out?

Back 21

1) We need more housing benefits for the poor;
2) Lower class children need access to quality education;
3) Moving to a more service-orientated society puts people at a disadvantage

Front 22

What does MacLeod wish to do for the kids?

Back 22

He would like them to see their own status and acknowledge it in society, rather than be blinded and hindered by it in thinking that they can be successful if they have strong personal agency;

Front 23

What has changed in toy retailing?

Back 23

1) The labor force
2) The strength of these stores in the economy
3) virtually every toy has a movie/tv tie-in

Front 24

What role does deregulation play in toy store development?

Back 24

The FCC has deregulated advertisments and so consumers are becoming increasingly knowledgable about the products for sale;

Front 25

What are organizations?

Back 25

They are socially constructed, boundary instilling, goal directed systems of human activitiy.

Front 26

What do human activity systems do?

Back 26

Cause role differentiation;

Front 27

What are the three perspectives of organizational culture?

Back 27

1) Integration
2) Ambiguity
3) Differentiation perspective

Front 28

What are the three things that control structures do?

Back 28

Direct, Evaluate and Discipline;

Front 29

Whate are the three main types of systems according to W. Richard Scott?

Back 29

Rational systems, Natural systems, and open systems;

Front 30

What do rational systems do?

Back 30

They seek to maximize effeictnecy; they have high goal specificity and formalization;

Front 31

What do natural systems do?

Back 31

They look towards behavior rather than formal structures - so more focus on information?

Front 32

What do open systems do?

Back 32

They realize that organizations are a system of interdependent activities that are seen in wider material;

Front 33

What is the evolutionary theory?

Back 33

It examines how institutions have changed;

Front 34

What is institutional theory?

Back 34

why organizations look similar and the environment that makes them look like this - called isomorphism;

Front 35

What are the three elements of isomorphism?

Back 35

Coercive - structure expectations;

Normative systems - establish and enforce system of mutual obligations;

Cultural-cogntivie systems - shared beliefs constrain choice and importance of programs and routines;

Front 36

What is matrix of domination?

Back 36

It is sorting individuals baesd on race, class and gender;

Front 37

What is racism?

Back 37

Attribution of characteristics of superiority or inferiority to a population that shares physically inherited characteristics;

Front 38

What is institutionalized racism?

Back 38

Patterns of discrimination that have come structured into existing social institutions - healthcare and housing;

Front 39

What is discrimination?

Back 39

Behavior that denies the members of a particular group, resources and rewards that can be obtained by others;

Front 40

What is prejudice?

Back 40

The holding of preconcieved ideas about an individual or group, idea that are resistant to change, even in the face of new information;

Front 41

How has social capital declined?

Back 41

1) neighborlessness
2) religion is more self-defined

4) family ties are loosening
5) labor union membership has declined

Front 42

Why has social capital declined?

Back 42

1) increased amounts of technological leisure
2) movement of women into the labor force
3) demographic factors: fewer marriages, more divorces, and fewer children
4) increased mobility of the US population

Front 43

What are examples of social capital that are negative in nature?

Back 43

Terrorist groups, racist organizations, etc.

Front 44

What is social capital?

Back 44

Social connectiveness and trust between groups; features of social organizations that allow for greater mutual benefits and cooperation;

Front 45

What is user behavior?

Back 45

What people want to get out of an organization;

Front 46

What is supporter behavior?

Back 46

What the given organization actually provides;