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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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sex vs. gender |
Sex-biological characteristics Gender-behaviors and attitudes a group considers proper for its males and females |
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Gender stratification |
males and female's unequal access to property, power, and prestige |
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Minority group |
people discriminated against on the basis of physical or cultural characteristics |
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Rise of Feminism |
1st wave-voting rights 2nd wave-work conditions 3rd wave-least industrialized nations, societal values |
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Glass ceiling |
an unseen barrier that keeps minorities from rising to upper rungs of corporate ladder |
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Race categories |
Caucasiods-white Mongoloids-yellow Negroids-black |
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Dominant group |
group with the most power, privileges, and highest social status |
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Minority group |
people singled out for unequal treatment |
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Ethnic |
cultural factors-assimilate-become like the people, and pluralism-stay separate through common ancestry, cultural heritage
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WASPs |
White Anglo Saxon Protestants-other whites considered inferior-Naturalization Act of 1790-only white immigrants could apply for citizenship |
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Subordinate group |
disadvantaged and subjected to unequal treatment |
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Endogamy |
marrying within your group |
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Exogamy |
marrying outside your group |
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Prejudice vs. Discriminate |
Prejudice-attitude-pre-judged feeling based on generalizations Discriminate-action-to sort our and take something away from people |
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Stereotype |
overgeneralization about members of particular categories |
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Theories of Prejudice |
1. Frustration-aggression hypothesis-frustrated with efforts to achieve a goal, show aggression towards others Authoritarian Personality(Adorno)-excessive conformity, high level of superstition, rigid stereotypic thinking |
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Adorno's scale |
F scale-Facisim E scale-Ethnocentrism A scale-Anti semitism-high score on one, high score on all |
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Life expectancy vs. Life span |
Life expectancy-number of years one can expect to live Life span-maximum length of life possible |
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Symbolic Interactionist |
ageism-prejudice and discrimination against people because of their age-meanings with growing old have shifted over time |
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Functionalist Perspective |
age cohorts-people born roughly at the same time pass through life course together-elderly cohort transition out of jobs, younger cohort takes over |
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Disengagement Theory |
how society has set up a mutually beneficial system of getting elderly to "disengage" and leave their jobs behind-pensions and social security are incentives |
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Activity theory |
level of activity that correlates to happiness-satisfied level of activity differs between individuals |
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Conflict perspective |
social security-less elderly are living in poverty than before |
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Family |
people who consider themselves related by blood, marriage, or adoption |
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Nuclear family |
husband, wife, and children |
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Family of orientation |
family you are born into |
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Family of procreation |
family formed when couple has first child |
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Extended family |
immediate nuclear family, as well as relatives |
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Fictive kin |
nonrelatives whose bonds are strong and intimate |
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System of descent |
way in which people trace kinship over generations-bilateral, patrilineal, or matrilineal |
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Mate selection |
each human group establishes norms to govern whom has relations with whom |
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Romantic love |
mutual sexual attraction and idealized feelings about one another |
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Homogamy |
union between people with similar backgrounds and social channels-age, education, social class, and race ethnicity |
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Propinquity |
Geographic closeness |
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Marriage |
group's mating arrangements marked by a ritual of some sort-Advantages-better psychological well being, better health, and economic advantages |
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Monogamy |
married to one person at a time |
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Polygamy |
more than one spouse |
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Civil union |
public policy designed to extend some benefits to partners who are not legally married |
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Cohabitation |
arrangement in which two individuals in a relationship live together without being married |
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Pronatalism |
couples should have kids |
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Love language |
different ways we want love, and different ways we show love |
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Blended families |
family that contains members that were once part of another family |
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Boomerang kids |
kids return home at a later age |
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Functionalism on Family |
family serves as mechanism for maintaining social order family in decline? yes |
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Conflict theory on family |
marriage is a struggle for control in the relationship Family in decline? somewhat |
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Symbolic interaction on family |
concentrates on statuses and roles within a family, family is successful when members fulfill roles expected of them Family in Decline? no |
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Ethnic work |
activities designed to discover, enhance, or maintain ethnic and racial identity |
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Split labor market |
division of workers along racial-ethnic and gender lines |
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Reserve labor force |
those who don't have jobs are hired and then laid off when no longer needed |
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Selective perception |
labels we learn can affect the ways we perceive people-lead us to see certain things while they blind us to others |
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Compartmentalize |
separate acts of cruelty from sense of being good and decent people |
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Population transfer |
indirect-making life so miserable for members of a minority that they leave "voluntarily" direct-dominant group expels a minority |
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Internal colonialism |
how a country's dominant group exploits minority groups for its economic advantage |
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rising expectations |
sense that better conditions are soon to follow, which, if unfulfilled, increases frustration |
