Soc 101 Final

Front 1

Cloward & Ohlin

Back 1

legit & illegit means of making it, both are spread unequally in society, deviance is learned behavior

Front 2

labeling theory

Back 2

deviant people are given a label, once you're labeled you're more likely to continue to be deviant

Front 3

Erving Goffman

Back 3

people are given a 'stigma' and set apart, you can try to "pass" w/ stigma unknown, but when found out, ID "discredited"

Front 4

Durkheim (on deviance)

Back 4

'Normality of a Crime' - no way to wipe out crime because then lesser acts will become worse

Front 5

Chambliss

Back 5

rumors can prove themselves to be true by the fact that they exist as rumors. also, labels affect how society views a group, & diff groups get diff labels

Front 6

Rosenhan

Back 6

problem w/ differentiating btw sane & insane - diagnoses in minds of observers?

Front 7

Lombroso

Back 7

deviant people are 'biological failures' (incorrect)

Front 8

Sheldon

Back 8

deviance is related to body type (incorrect)

Front 9

Robert Merton

Back 9

anomie is embedded in society because of disjuncture between means and goals

Front 10

anomie

Back 10

less norms, values, and beliefs shared among society

Front 11

egoism

Back 11

when people aren't integrated into society

Front 12

4 types of social control

Back 12

1. internalize norms (generalized other) 2. structure our social experience (insitutions) 3. informal sanctions 4. formal sanctions

Front 13

techniques of neutralization

Back 13

1. denial of responsibility, injury, viction 2. condemning the condemner 3. appealing to higher loyalties

Front 14

capital (definition)

Back 14

all goods, material & symbolic, that present themselves as rare and worthy of being sought after in social formation.

Front 15

capital (types)

Back 15

1. economic ($) 2. social (group membership, advantages) 3. cultural (being natural in a setting)

Front 16

types of inequality

Back 16

1. social groups taking care of their own institutionalizes inequality 2. establishment of private property, eliminating communal property 3. unequal distr. of econ, social, political order (Weber)

Front 17

Bordieu

Back 17

class is reproduced over generations (education system, families, capital)

Front 18

social stratification / what all have in common

Back 18

ranking system in society / 1. legitimate rationale 2. persistent over time 3. resistant to change

Front 19

types of social stratification

Back 19

1. caste (born into it, no mobilization, legit by religion) 2. estate (feudal system) 3. class (based on 'hard work')

Front 20

Marx's system of social stratification

Back 20

1. bourgeoisie - buy the labor, own means of production
2. proletariat - sell their labor

Front 21

Weber's system of social stratification

Back 21

classifies people based on how much money they make & their power and status

Front 22

types of social mobility

Back 22

1. horizontal (change occupation, stay in strata) 2. vertical (move up or down strata) 3. intergenerational (change occurs across generations) 4. intragenerational (change w/in one's lifetime)

Front 23

inequality and poverty are blamed on...

Back 23

1. cultural problems (ppl in diff cultures have diff values, beliefs that don't fit into success model) 2. structural problems (probs w/in system cause poverty, vicious cycle)

Front 24

Pygmalion Effect

Back 24

expectations influence outcomes (ie teachers believing in certain students leads to their success)

Front 25

3 types of cultural capital

Back 25

1. embodied 2. objectified 3. institutionalized

Front 26

embodied capital

Back 26

both inherited & acquired properties of self, bestowed over time thru traditions and cultural family resources, not instantaneously transmittable but slowly given thru socialization

Front 27

objectified capital

Back 27

(in cultural products) - cultural goods that can be owned (ie works of art), sale & purchase require economic capital but consumption & understanding requires having correct embodied cultural capital

Front 28

institutionalized capital

Back 28

(in organizations) - institutional recognition of individual's cultural capital (ie the diploma), mostly pertains to labor market by easing conversion of cultural capital to econ capital

Front 29

habitus

Back 29

way of 'being in the body', including predispositions, tastes, beliefs. ppl's worldview & relationship to world, acknowledges agency and power of social structures, practices. feeling of belonging in a setting.

Front 30

prejudice is...

Back 30

an unjustified prejudgement

Front 31

5 types of discriminatory behavior

Back 31

1. verbal rejection 2. avoidance 3. active discrimination 4. physical attacks 5. extermination

Front 32

Pyramiding Effects

Back 32

accumulating impacts of discriminatory events in a person's life

Front 33

Feagin

Back 33

laissez-faire racism (white ppl against affirmative action, symbolic, past forms don't exist)

Front 34

Marx

Back 34

social analyst - Theory of Historical Materialism