Smu Nursg 144 Complications Of Birth

Front 1

Amnioinfusion

Back 1

Infusion of normal saline warmed to body temperature through an intrauterine catheter into the uterine cavity in an attempt to increase the fluid around the umbilical cord and prevent compression during uterine contractions

Front 2

Amniotic fluid embolism

Back 2

Embolism resulting from amniotic fluid entering the maternal bloodstream during labor and birth after rupture of membranes; often fatal to the woman if it is a pulmonary embolism

Front 3

Antenatal glucocorticoids

Back 3

Medications administered to the mother for the purpose of accelerating fetal lung maturity when there is increased risk for preterm birth between 24 and 34 weeks of gestation

Front 4

Augmentation of labor

Back 4

Stimulation of ineffective uterine contractions after labor has started spontaneously but is not progressing satisfactorily

Front 5

Breech

Back 5

Extraction of the infant from the uterus in breech presentation, i.e., when the buttocks of the fetus are presented in labor

Front 6

Bishop score

Back 6

Rating system to evaluate inducibility (ripeness) of the cervix; a higher score in-creases the likelihood of a successful induction of labor

Front 7

Cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD)

Back 7

Condition in which the infant's head is of such a shape, size, or position that it cannot pass through the mother's pelvis or the maternal pelvis is too small, abnormally shaped, or deformed to allow the passage of a fetus of average size

Front 8

Cervical insufficiency

Back 8

The phrase “cervical insufficiency” (CI) refers to a cervix that opens too early, before the baby is full term. This condition is also called incompetent cervix. The cervix is the opening at the base of the uterus

Front 9

Cesarean birth

Back 9

Birth of a fetus by an incision through the abdominal wall and uterus

Front 10

Chorioamnionitis

Back 10

Inflammatory reaction in fetal membranes to bacteria or viruses in the amniotic fluid, which then become infiltrated with polymorphonuclear leukocytes

Front 11

Cord prolapse

Back 11

Protrusion of the umbilical cord in advance of the presenting part

Front 12

Dysfunctional labor

Back 12

Abnormal uterine contractions that prevent normal progress of cervical dilation, effacement, or descent

Front 13

Dystocia

Back 13

Prolonged, painful, or otherwise difficult labor caused by various conditions associated with the five factors affecting labor (powers, passage, passenger, maternal position, and maternal emotions)

Front 14

External cephalic version (ECV)

Back 14

Turning of the fetus to a vertex presentation by external exertion of pressure on the fetus through the maternal abdomen

Front 15

Fetal fibronectin (fFN)

Back 15

Fetal fibronectins are glycoproteins found in plasma and produced during fetal life. They appear in the cervical canal early in pregnancy and then again in late pregnancy. Their appearance between 24 and 34 weeks of gestation predicts labor ; The negative predictive value of fetal fibronectin is high (up to 94%). The positive predictive value is lower (46%) This means that it may be possible to predict who will not go into preterm labor, but not who will The test is done during a vaginal examination

Front 16

Forceps

Back 16

assisted birth: Vaginal birth in which forceps (i.e. curved-bladed instruments) are used to assist in the birth of the fetal head

Front 17

Hyperstimulation

Back 17

Uterine contractions lasting more than 90 seconds or five or more contractions in 10 minutes

Front 18

Hypertonic labor dysfunction

Back 18

Uncoordinated, painful, frequent uterine contractions that do not cause cervical dilation and effacement; primary dysfunctional labor

Front 19

Hypotonic labor dysfunction

Back 19

Weak, ineffective uterine contractions usually occurring in the active phase of labor; often related to cephalopelvic disproportion or malposition of the fetus; secondary uterine inertia

Front 20

Induction of labor

Back 20

Labor brought on by mechanical or pharmacological means

Front 21

Occiputoposterior (OP) position

Back 21

A position of the fetus in cephalic presentation in labor, with its occiput directed toward the right (ROP) or left (LOP) posterior quadrant of the maternal pelvis

Front 22

Precipitous labor

Back 22

Rapid or sudden labor lasting less than 3 hours from the onset of uterine contractions to complete birth of the fetus

Front 23

Premature rupture of membranes (PROM)

Back 23

Rupture of the amniotic sac and leakage of amniotic fluid beginning at least 1 hour before the onset of labor at any gestational age

Front 24

Preterm premature rupture of membranes(PPROM)

Back 24

PROM that occurs before 37 weeks of gestation

Front 25

Preterm labor

Back 25

Cervical changes and uterine contractions occurring between 20 weeks and 37 weeks of pregnancy

Front 26

Rupture of uterus

Back 26

Rupture of the uterus is a rare but very serious obstetric injury that occurs in 1 in 1500 to 2000 births. The most frequent causes of uterine rupture during pregnancy are separation of the scar of a previous classic cesarean birth, uterine trauma (e.g. accidents, surgery), and a congenital uterine anomaly. During labor and birth, uterine rupture may be caused by intense spontaneous uterine contractions, labor stimulation (e.g. oxytocin, prostaglandin), an overdistended uterus (e.g. multifetal gestation), malpresentation, external or internal version, or a difficult forceps-assisted birth. It occurs more commonly in multigravidas than in primigravidas. Classified as complete or incomplete

Front 27

Shoulder dystocia

Back 27

Condition in which the head is born but the anterior shoulder cannot pass under the pubic arch

Front 28

Tocolysis

Back 28

Inhibition of uterine contractions through administration of medications; used to suppress preterm labor, for version, or as an adjunct to other interventions in the management of fetal compromise related to increased uterine activity

Front 29

Vacuum extractor

Back 29

A device to assist delivery consisting of a metal or plastic traction cup that is attached to the fetus's head; negative pressure is applied and traction is made