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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Describe Duodenal Ulcers
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H.pylori
pain relieved when eating |
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Describe Volvulus
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twisting of a segment of bowel
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Describe Intussusception
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telescoping of the bowel
common in infants and children |
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Describe Incarcerated Hernia
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segment of bowel becomes entrapped withing hernia
strangulated = infarct |
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Describe Hirschprung Disease
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congenital aganglionic megacolon
associeated with Down's syndrome, Chagas disease, UC, and Achalasia |
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Describe Celiac Sprue
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nontropical sprue
hypersensitivity to gluten loss of villi diarrhea dermatitis herpetiformis |
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Describe Tropical Sprue
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caribbean and south america
Tx = antibiotics |
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Describe Whipple Disease
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infections of the small intestine, joints, and CNS by Trophermyma whippleii
macrophages filled with bacilli PAS (+) decrease in mental status |
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Describe Crohn's Disease
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inflammatory bowel disease
terminal ileum "skip" lensions fissures fistulas non-caseating granulomas "creeping fat" "cobbelstone" effect |
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Describe Ulcerative Colitis
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inflammatory bowel disease
continuous crypt abscess toxic megacolon increased risk of CA HLA-B27 associated with euveitis and ankalosing spondylitis |
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Describe Hemorrhoids
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associated with pregnancy and cirrhosis
external complications = thrombosis (PAINFUL!) internal complications = bleeding |
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Describe Angiodysplasia
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arteriovenous malformations of the intestines
most common at descending colon associated with Osler-Weber-Rendu Syndrome |
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Describe Melanosis Coli
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black pigmentation of the colon
associated with laxative abuse melanoma CANNOT occur in bowel |
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Describe Pseudomembranous Colitis
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C.difficile
Tx = metronidazole |
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Describe Diverticula
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Meckel Divertiulum = congenital
colon (left-sided appendicitis) |
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Describe Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP)
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APC gene on chromosome 5q21
more than 100 adenomatous polyps |
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Describe Gardner Syndrome
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FAP + epidermal cysts + fibromatosis
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Describe Turcot Syndrome
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FAP + gliomas
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Describe Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer (HNPCC)
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AKA Lynch Syndrome
colon CA w/o polyps |
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Describe Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome
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hamartomatous polyps
melanin pigmentation of the oral mucosa increased risk of all CA EXCEPT colon |
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Describe Colonic Adenocarcinoma
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APC gene
K-ras oncogene p52 gene |
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Differentiate between Ascending and Descending Adenocarcinomas of the Colon
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Ascending:
better prognosis pain mass anemia (occult blood) Descending: change in bowel habits "pencil-thin" stools bright red blood |
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Describe Carcinoid Tumors of the colon
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neuroendocrine tumor producing serotonin
most often occurs in the appendix |
