Small Group Comm Midterm

Front 1

The relationship between symbol and referent - is a constructed reality in the head of the person using the symbol.

Back 1

Meaning

Front 2

Symbol is to Word as Referent is to ___

Back 2

Thing

Front 3

A theoretical model that shows the relationship among an object, phenomenon, or event; thinking about that object, phenomenon or event; and the symbolic representations people generate about their observations.

Back 3

Triangle of meaning.

Front 4

1. Do your best
2. Accept the group goal (determine to behave with the group's good in mind)
3. Commitment of fair play
4. Listen carefully and to participate fully
5. Evaluate & Analyze (Participant-analyst role)

Back 4

Ethical responsibilities of group members

Front 5

1. Responsibility to it's members
2. Obligations to it's larger organization.
3. Social responsibility (To society as a whole)

Back 5

Ethical responsibilities of groups

Front 6

An informal standard model, or pattern of behavior within a culture.

Back 6

Norm

Front 7

When a norm becomes formalized within a culture.

Back 7

Rule or law.

Front 8

- Roles evolve as the group works together

- Goals may be discussed and agreed to by members. Goals provide a general direction.

- Members interact and evolve methods of working together. They also work separately and then come together to work.

-Members are SOMEWHAT interdependent.

- Rules and procedures generally evolve as the group meets, according to its needs.

Back 8

Groups

Front 9

- Roles are assigned and clearly identified. Members may be cross-trained in several roles.

- Goals are clearly defined by members.

- Members formally collaborate and coordinate their efforts to work together.

- Members ARE interdependent.

- Rules and procedures are explicitly discussed and developed in order to coordinate effort.

Back 9

Teams

Front 10

1. Intrapersonal - Self talk
2. Interpersonal - One on One comm
3. Small Group - 3- ?
4. Public - One person is talking group listens.
5. Mass Com - News/advertisements

Back 10

5 Types of Communication

Front 11

1. Cliche
2. Fact Finding
3. Ideas & Judgments (I think)
4. Feelings level (I feel)
5. Peak Experience (Words don't suffice)

Back 11

5 Level of Comm & Prayer

Front 12

Albert Mehrabian - Impact of the message.

Back 12

55% What is seen
38% How it is said
7% Are the words

Front 13

Uses for the word "short"

Back 13

35+

Front 14

A.B.O.V.E.

Back 14

Attitudes, Beliefs, Opinions, Values, and Experiences.

Front 15

Less Offensive word for a more offensive word.

Back 15

euphemism

Front 16

- Somewhat invasive
- Meaning is dependent on the words

Back 16

Low Context Cultures (Americans)

Front 17

- Much too polite to disagree or raise their hand for a question

- Meaning is dependent on the environment

Back 17

High Context Cultures (Asian)

Front 18

A group procedure for increasing productivity by asking members to follow a five step sequence.

1. Silent listing of ideas
2. Creation of a master list of ideas
3. Clarification of ideas
4. Straw vote or rank ordering for test acceptance of ideas
5. Follow-through

Back 18

NGT (Nominal Group Technique

Front 19

Process by deriving a general concept from specific details; partial representation of something whole

ex. Employee -> Woman -> Person

Back 19

Abstraction

Front 20

A need, demand, or requirement that is a result of some particular circumstance that motivates the desire to communicate.

Back 20

Exigency

Front 21

A guess; a judgment, based upon observation data, about the meaning of those data. (Can bee too little info)

Back 21

Inference

Front 22

communication about communication

Back 22

metacommunication

Front 23

Ulterior motive that is destructive or detrimental to the group.

****NOT an agenda the leader has not told the group yet.

Back 23

Hidden agenda

Front 24

The positive effect that comes to the group's effort from members working in the presence of each other.

Back 24

Social Facilitation

Front 25

1. More ambiguous
2. Often unintentional
3. Can contradict verbal
4. Continuous / multichanneled

Back 25

Problems with Non Verbal Comm NVC

Front 26

1. Reinforcement - repeat or accent a verbal message.
2. Modification - Change the meaning of a verbal message
3. Substitution - Replace verbal messages
4. Regulation -purpose to control behavior

Back 26

Functions of Non Verbal Communication (NVC)

Front 27

1) Physical Environment
2) Gesture, Posture, and Movement
3) Face & Eye Behavior
4) Use or Abuse of time (Chronics)

Back 27

Non Verbal codes

Front 28

- A subjective process
- Striving for Stability (Predictability)
- The assumption of meaning

Back 28

Perceptual difficulties

Front 29

1. Misrepresentation based on what someone says.
2. "" on what someone didn't say
3. Use of abstraction (Too much info which must be sorted out.
4. Gender differences
4. Use of inference - not enough info so we assign meaning.

Back 29

Problems with Verbal Comm & Perceptions.

Front 30

- Learn about others present
- Find similarities
- Talk how differences are advantages
- Focus on interdependent goals
- promote equal status and talk
- Focus on individual not cultural group.

Back 30

Dealing with group differences

Front 31

A discussion issue that does not involve value decisions or policies ad that can be resolved by collecting information that addresses the issue.

ex. "Are we going to make a profit this quarter?"

Back 31

Question of fact

Front 32

A problem for group discussion that requires the group to examine data and evidence to recommend a course of action to resolve or handle a particular situation or issue. ** words like SHOULD & OUGHT.

ex. "What action should be taken?"

Back 32

Question of policy

Front 33

A problem for group discussion that requires the group to examine data and evidence to determine the desirability or preference of the group regarding a particular situation or issue.

ex. "How significant is the harm?"

Back 33

Question of Value

Front 34

- Overhead questions
- Direct questions
- Redirected question /Mirror a question to someone else.
- Return question
- Anonymous question
- "A common question"

Back 34

Questions for Participation

Front 35

A conclusion that results when data for some reason are not strong enough to support it.

Back 35

Overgeneralization (Fallacy)

Front 36

Mistaken casual relationship - Relationship between two events suggests the first event is responsible for the second event happening

Back 36

Causal Fallacies

Front 37

An error in reasoning about an issue that has its basis in biases the individual employs in the process.

Back 37

Personal prejudice

Front 38

An argument that suggests to a listener that there are only two alternatives from which to make a decision.

Back 38

Either this or that reasoning

Front 39

An error in the reasoning process where two or more things are thought to be like each other, but are not.

Back 39

Faulty comparison

Front 40

1) Forum
2) Panel Discussion
3) Symposium
4) Colloquium

Back 40

Formats for public group meetings

Front 41

Public discussion that involves full audience participation.

Back 41

Forum

Front 42

Interaction involving specialists or reasonably well-informed people who share their points of view about a common topic or question.

Back 42

Panel discussion

Front 43

Not a discussion, but a series of brief speeches all related to a central topic, each usually taking a different position on the issue.

Back 43

Symposium

Front 44

Format for public discussion that involves a panel of experts who are asked questions by an audience.

Back 44

Colloquium

Front 45

Group getting together to improve quality / helps get ideas.

Back 45

Quality circles

Front 46

Participates generate a decision without ever meeting face to face. Can be conducted by postal or electronic mail. Lists of ideas are sent then rank-order on a master list. A decision is made by noting which ideas are favored most.

Back 46

Delphi

Front 47

All members genuinely agree on a decision

Back 47

consensus

Front 48

Decisions are those in which the people involved give up some of what they hoped for so that the group can come to a decision

Back 48

Compromise

Front 49

Different than compromise because the majority will prevail

Back 49

Majority Vote

Front 50

Opposite of consensus. One vote / individual opinion

Back 50

Unanimous

Front 51

Leader receives input from group and then decides

Back 51

Leader decision

Front 52

A person who is not a member listens to various positions members advocate, then makes a binding decision.

Back 52

Arbitration

Front 53

Keeps the flow of a group not in the decision process

Back 53

Mediator

Front 54

Everyone has a say, they may all have a voice unless the chairperson is bias

Back 54

Robert's Rule of Order

Front 55

Error introduced into a communication event because of peculiarities in the use of language; sometimes called psychological noise

Back 55

semantics

Front 56

Means by which a group might achieve its goals (tasks)

Back 56

Equifinality