Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What are 3 sources of innervation to the GI tract?
|
1. sympathetic
2. parasympathetic 3. enteric |
|
|
Of the 3 sources of innervation to the GI tract, which is inhibitory?
|
sympathetic -- arise from pre/paravertebral plexuses
|
|
|
What are the 2 sources of parasympathetic innervation?
|
1. vagus nerve
2. hypogastric plexus (distal colon) |
|
|
What 2 plexuses comprise the enteric nervous system?
|
1. meissner's plexus: submucosal plexus
2. myenteric plexus: auerbach's plexus |
|
|
What parts of the small bowel are retroperitoneal?
|
duodenum
|
|
|
What ligament separates duodenum from jejunum?
|
ligament of treitz
|
|
|
What is the blood supply to the duodenum?
|
celiac trunk and superior mesenteric artery
|
|
|
What is the blood supply to the jejunum?
|
SMA
|
|
|
What is the blood supply to the ileum?
|
SMA
|
|
|
What is a convenient way to distinguish jejunum from ileum?
|
jejunum vs ileum
a few arcades w/ many arcades long vasa recta w/ short vasa recta |
|
|
What is the strongest tissue layer of the small intestine?
|
Submucosa
|
|
|
What is the most common part of the GI tract involved malabsorption?
|
small bowel
|
|
|
What % of the small bowel may be resected without a change in function?
|
50%
|
|
|
What 3 areas must be spared to maintain nml bowel function?
|
duodenum
proximal jejunum distal ileum |
|
|
Gallstones are associated with what area of resection?
|
distal ileum: decreased bile absorption to lithogenic bile
|
|
|
Steatorrhea is associated with what area of resection?
|
Distal ileum: decreased bile absorption leads to impaired fat absorption
|
|
|
Poor wound healing, osteopenia, neuropathy, and prolonged bleeding are associated with what area of resection?
|
Distal ileum: fat soluble vitamin deficiences
|
|
|
Kidney stones are associated with what area of resection?
|
distal ileum: impaired fat absorption leads to binding of calcium to fatty acids, increased intraluminal concentration, and absorption of oxalate, causing hyperoxaluria
|
|
|
What are common causes of malabsorption?
|
Frequent watery diarrhea causing dehydration and/or pale, smelly, bulky stool
Flatus and bloating Weight loss Vitamin and mineral deficiencies |
|
|
What are treatment options for malabsorption?
|
1. small, frequent meals
2. TPN if severely malnourished 3. replacement enzymes |
|
|
Where is the vermiform appendix located?
|
tip of cecum
|
|
|
What landmark can be used to help in locating the appendix?
|
junction of the 3 taenia coli
|
|
|
What is the initiating factor causing appendicitis?
|
obstruction of appendiceal tumors
|
