Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What infectious diseases could cause thrombocytopenia?
|
Ehrlichiosis
RMSF Babesiosis Cytauxzoonosis SLE (IMTP) |
|
|
What infectious diseases could cause lameness/swollen joints/stiffness?
|
Bartonellosis
Ehrlichiosis (chronic) RMSF IMHA Hepatozoonosis Lyme SLE (symmetrical polyarthritis) |
|
|
What infectious diseases could cause icterus?
|
Ehrlichiosis
IMHA Babesiosis Mycoplasma (cats) Cytauxzoonosis |
|
|
What infectious diseases could cause anemia?
|
Bartonellosis (hemolytic)
Ehrlichiosis (non-reg) RMSF (mild) IMHA Babesiosis (hemolytic) Hepatozoonosis (non-reg) Leishmaniasis (mild non-reg) Mycoplasma (reg) Cytauxzoonosis SLE (IMHA) |
|
|
What is the most common cause of vaccine failure?
|
maternal antibodies
|
|
|
What does the sensitivity of a test tell you?
|
did DISEASED animal test pos. or neg.?
concerned w/ FALSE NEGATIVES |
|
|
What does the specificity of a test tell you?
|
did HEALTHY animal test pos. or neg.?
concerned w/ FALSE POSITIVES |
|
|
What does the positive predictive value of a test tell you?
|
if dz prevalence is LOW: pos. result more likely to be FALSE pos.
if dz prevalence is HIGH: pos. result more likely to be TRUE pos. |
|
|
When might you consider a ddx of Bartonellosis in a dog?
|
signs consistent w/ tick borne dz AND no response to Doxy
|
|
|
What are the clinical phases of ehrlichiosis?
|
acute (2-4 wks): fever, lethargy, lymphadenopathy, thrombocytopenia, slight leucopenia, non-reg. anemia
subclinical (40-120 d. +): appears normal chronic (months to yrs): wt. loss, chronic lameness, poss. death |
|
|
What are CBC/Chem findings w/ Ehrlichiosis?
|
thrombocytopenia: most common finding
- non. reg. anemia - variable WBCs - hypoalbuminemia, hyperglobulinemia, proteinuria, icterus, ↑ liver enzymes, azotemia |
|
|
Ehrlichiosis
a. dx b. tx |
a. serology, PCR
b. doxy x 3 wks |
|
|
What are clinical signs/PE findings w/ RMSF?
|
- ACUTELY SICK
- lethargy, anorexia, depression, stiffness, pain, neuro signs, fever, lymphadenopathy, ocular signs, ecchymosis/petechia |
|
|
RMSF
a. etiologic agent b. where it lives |
a. Rickettsia rickettsi
b. vascular endothelial cells --> vasculitis |
|
|
RMSF
a. clin path b. dx c. tx |
a. thrombocytopenia: most common
- leukocytosis - mild anemia - hypoalbuminemia, ↑ ALP b. SEROLOGY, PCR (usually not needed) c. - Doxycycline, chloramphenicol, or enrofloxacin for 2 wks PO are all effective |
|
|
What are clinical signs/PE findings assoc. w/ IMHA?
|
weakness, lethargy, pale mm, icterus, pigmenturia, depression, splenomegaly, petechia, fever, systolic murmur, tachypnea, ocular signs, lameness
|
|
|
IMHA
a. clin path b. dx c. tx: uncomplicated d. tx: complicated |
a. anemia, spherocytes, anisocytosis, polychromasia, in-saline agglutination
b. CBC, Chem, U/A, retic count, rads, Coombs’ Test c. Pred until PCV normal, aspirin, GI protectant (famotidine, sucralfate) d. Pred until PCV normal, Azathioprine, aspirin, IV fluids, heparin, GI protectant, +/- transfusion |
|
|
Bartonellosis
a. signs in dogs b. signs in cats c. dx d. tx |
a. fever, dyspnea, myocarditis, IMHA, polyarthritis, epistaxis, endocarditis, meningoencephalitis, lameness, anterior uveitis, lymphadenitis, vasculitis, normal?
b. fever, uveitis, renal dz?, lymphadenopathy, neuro dysfunction c. serology, culture, PCR d. azithromycin or rifampin |
|
|
Babesiosis
a. type of agent b. where it lives c. transmission |
a. protozoa
b. RBCs c. ticks, dog bites |
|
|
Babesiosis
a. signs/PE findings b. clin path c. dx |
a. acute or chronic, lethargy, depression, pale mm, discolored urine, fever, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, icterus, normal?
b. hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, occ. leukocytosis, hyperglobulinemia, hyperbilirubinemia, ↑ liver enzymes, mild azotemia, met. acidosis c. PCR (preferred), microscopy, serology (not good) |
|
|
Hepatozoon
a. signs/PE findings b. transmission c. clin path d. dx |
a. fever (waxing & waning), wt. loss, mucopurulent ocular d/c, muscle atrophy, generalized pain, stiffness
b. ingestion of tick c. moderate to severe leukocytosis, non-reg. anemia, low BUN, hypoalbuminemia, ↑ ALP, proteinuria d. PCR (gold standard), rads (HO like lesions), muscle bx, microscopy (not good) |
|
|
Leishmania
a. signs/PE findings b. transmission c. clin path d. dx |
a. lymphadenopathy, fever, splenomegaly, skin lesions (dry exfoliative dermatitis, ulcers, periorbital alopecia, etc.), ocular involvement (anterior uveitis, keratoconjunctivitis, diffuse blepharitis, etc.)
b. sandflies c. mild non-reg. anemia, hyperglobulinemia, hypoalbuminemia, proteinuria d. microscopy, serology, PCR |
|
|
Mycoplasma haemofelis
a. signs/PE findings b. transmission c. clin path d. dx |
a. lethargy, anorexia, icterus, pale mm, pica, normal?, fever, organomegaly, lymphadenopathy
b. fleas c. reg. anemia, ↑ liver enzymes, hyperbilirubinemia, normal? d. PCR, microscopy (not good) |
|
|
Cytauxzoon felis
a. signs/PE findings b. transmission c. clin path d. dx |
a. acute febrile dz, access to outdoors, hx of ticks, lethargy, dyspnea, neuro dz, shock, dehydration, icterus or pallor, organomegaly, lymphadenopathy
b. ticks (related to Babesia) c. anemia, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, ↑ liver enzymes, hyperbilirubinemia, hyperglycemia, pre-renal azotemia, acid-base disorders d. PCR, microscopy (signet rings) |
|
|
Lyme dz
a. signs/PE findings b. etiologic agent c. clin path d. dx |
a.anorexia, depression, fever, stiffness, joint pain & swelling
b. Borrelia burgdorferi: spirochete c. usually normal d. serology, PCR |
|
|
Uncomplicated vs. Complicated IMHA
|
uncomplicated: patient eating & drinking, not tachypneic at rest, Hct > 15, retics > 3%, no agglutination, no intravascular hemolysis
complicated: patient NOT eating & drinking, tachypneic at rest, Hct < 15, retics < 3%, agglutination, intravascular hemolysis, fails to respond to Pred |
|
|
SLE: 4 typical syndromes
|
IMHA
IMTP glomerulonephritis symmetrical polyarthritis |
|
|
What are some important factors in development of auto-immune dz?
|
genetic
environmental immunologic infectious |
|
|
What are some causes of fever?
|
bacteremia, viremia, systemic mycoses, rickettsial dz, massive tissue trauma, neoplasia, autoimmune or immune complex dz, drugs, inc. temp, inc. exercise, excitement, embolization, pain
|
|
|
What are the 3 parts of the infectious dz triangle?
|
genetics
nutrition toxicity |
