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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is sleep? |
A state of unconsciousness from which a person may be awakened by sensory or other stimuli |
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What is a waking state characterized by? |
Mentally relaxed Freedom from stress and anxiety Physical calmness |
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What does the circadian rhythm do? |
Influences the pattern of biological and behavioural functions |
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What affects a circadian rhythm? |
Light, temp, social activities, work routines |
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What two systems are involved in sleep regulation? |
Reticular Activating System (maintains alertness and wakefulness) Bulbar Synchronizing Region (secretes serotonin and produces sleep from pons and medulla) |
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What occurs in stage 1 of sleep? |
Light sleep Eye, muscle, and brain activity decrease |
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What occurs in stage 2 of sleep? |
Eye and muscle movement stop Brain waves slow down |
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What occurs in stage 3 of sleep? |
Brain produces very slow delta waves Deep sleep begins |
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What occurs in stage 4 of sleep? |
Brain only produces delta waves Sleeper may be disoriented if awakened |
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What occurs in REM sleep? |
HR, RR, BP rise Muscle of neck, limbs, and torso are paralyzed Quick and irregular eye movements Sleeper begins to dream |
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How many cycles do people usually go through? |
5 |
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How long do the cycles last? |
90-110 minutes |
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What is the purpose of sleep? |
Restores our physiological, psychological, and cognitive functioning Conserves our energy Repairs tissues, growth hormone, immune system, cardiac function, bone marrow and skin cells, memory and learning |
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What are the 4 components of an assessment of sleep and rest? |
Health history, sleep log, observation of sleep, sleep lab evaluation |
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What is involved in their health history? |
Quality of sleep, quantity of sleep, usual sleep pattern, the activities before bed Alcohol, nicotine, alcohol ingestion Screen for medical problems that may cause sleep disturbances |
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What is restless leg syndrome? |
A feeling in your legs you can't get rid of and must move |
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What are some common alteration in sleep? |
Insomnia Sleep apnea Narcolepsy Sleep deprivation |
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What is insomnia? |
The perception of inadequate or abnormal sleep over a period time |
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What is transient insomnia? |
Lasts less than 1 week |
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What is persistent insomnia? |
lasts for weeks |
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The onset of initial insomnia is stated when? |
Greater than 30 minutes to fall asleep |
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What is terminal insomnia? |
Early morning awakening and can't resume sleep Associated with depression |
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What are some conditions/factors that can contribute to poor sleep? |
Travel Stress Shift work Unfamiliar sleep environments Temp |
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What are some daytime consequences of lack of sleep? |
Fatigue Loss of energy Memory lapses Difficulty concentrating Depression, anxiety |
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What is sleep apnea? |
The loss of tone in upper airway dilator muscles There is a partial or complete collapse of the airway Decreased 02 sats |
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What is the most common form of sleep apnea? |
Obstructive sleep apnea |
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What are some risk factors for developing sleep apnea? |
Male Obesity Older age Fam history Abnormalities |
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How can we treat sleep apnea? |
Losing weight Side-lying for sleep Continuous positive airway pressure |
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What is narcolepsy? What causes it? |
Neurological disorder Results from an imbalance b/w sleep (BSR) and waking centers (RAS) |
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What of the manifestations of sleep? |
Sudden sleep attacks Loss of voluntary muscle tone Paralysis upon falling asleep or awakening |
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What can sleep deprivation cause? |
Irritability Cognitive impairment Hallucinations Impaired immune system Risk of type 2 DM Decreased reaction time |
