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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the five stages of sleep....
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non- REM, non-REM, non-REM, non-REM, REM
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what does REM stand for
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rapid eye movement
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First stage of non-REM is the
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lightest level of sleep
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What can/happens during the first stage of sleep?
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-Physiological activity begins to decrease, accompanied by a gradual fall in vital signs and metabolism
-Persons are easily aroused by sensory stimuli, such as noise -When awakened from this stage a person feels as though they had been daydreaming |
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how long does the first stage of sleep last?
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only a few min.
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Second stage of non-REM is the
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period of sound sleep
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What can/happens during the second stage of sleep?
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-Relaxation progresses
-persons are relatively easy to arouse -body functions continue to slow |
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How long does the second stage of sleep last?
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10-20 min.
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Third stage of non-rapid REM
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Begins the initial period of deep sleep
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what can/happens during the third stage of sleep?
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-Sleeper is difficult to arouse and rarely moves
-muscles are completely relaxed -vital signs decline but remain regular |
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How long does the third stage of sleep last?
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lasts 15-30 min.
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The fourth stage of non-REM is the...
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deepest period of sleep
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What can/happens during the fourth stage of sleep?
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-Sleeper is very difficult to arouse
If sleep loss has occurred, the sleeper will spend a considerable portion of the sleep period in this stage -Vital signs are significantly lower than during waking hours -sleepwalking and enuresis (bedwetting) sometimes occur |
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How long does the fourth stage of sleep last?
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lasts approximately 15-30min.
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The fifth stage and only stage of REM is when...
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vivid, full colour dreaming occurs.
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What can/happens during the fifth stage of REM sleep?
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-Usually begins about 90min after sleep has begun
-typified by the autonomic responses of rapidly moving eyes , fluctuation heart and respiratory rates, increased or fluctuating BP -loss of skeletal muscle tone occurs -gastric secretions increase -sleeper is difficult to rouse |
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How long does the fifth stage of sleep last?
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Duration of REM sleep increases with each cycle and averages 20min.
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Name the five sleep disorders....
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Insomnia, sleep apnea, Narcolepsy, parasomnias, sleep deprivation
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What is Insomnia?
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Chronic difficulty falling asleep, frequent awakenings, short sleep, or non-restorative sleep
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Insomnia occurrences often means...
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often signals an underlying physical or psychological disorder
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What is sleep apnea?
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Lack of airflow through the nose and mouth for periods of 10sec or longer during sleep
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what happens during sleep apnea?
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-Occurs when the muscles or structures of the oral cavity or throat relax during sleep
-The upper airway becomes partially or completely blocked thereby diminishing the nasal airflow or stopping it for as long as 30sec -person still attempts to breathe; chest and abdominal movements continue and often result in loud snoring and snorting sounds |
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What is narcolepsy?
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Dysfunction of the mechanisms that regulate the sleep and wake states
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When is narcolepsy most a problem?
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excessive daytime sleepiness is the most common complaint
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What happens during/with narcolepsy?
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symptomes: cataplexy(sudden muscle weakness during intense emotions) vivid dreams and sleep paralysis
-person has the problem of falling asleep uncontrollably at inappropriate times |
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what causes Sleep Deprivation?
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experienced by many as a result of other conditions
-causes include illness, emotional stress, certain medications, environmental disturbances and variability in the timing of sleep due to shift work -variety of physiological and psychological symptoms -the severity of symptoms is often related to the duration of sleep deprivation |
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What is Parasomnias?
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Sleep problems that occur while falling asleep between sleep phases or during transitions from sleep to wakefulness
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what does parasomnias cause?
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sleepwalking, night terrors nightmares, nocturnal enuresis, body rocking, and bruxism (teeth grinding)
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What are the implementation of measures to promote sleep
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-health promotion
-environmental controls: temperature, noise, light -promoting bedtime routines -promoting comfort -establishing periods of sleep and rest -stress reduction -bedtime snacks -pharmacological approaches -controlling physiological approaches -controlling physiological disturbances: symptoms |
