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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sleep stage: awake, eyes open
EEG waveform? |
Beta - high frequency, low amplitude
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Sleep stage: awake, eyes closed
EEG waveform? |
alpha
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Stage 1 sleep
EEG waveform? % of time? |
theta
5% |
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Stage 2 sleep
EEG waveform? % of time? |
Sleep spindles and K complexes
45% |
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Bruxism
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grinding of teeth
occurs in Stage 2 sleep |
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Stage 3 sleep
EEG waveform? % of time? |
delta - low frequency, high amplitude
25% |
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Stage 3 sleep
pathology? |
sleepwalking
night terrors bedwetting |
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REM sleep
waveform? % time? |
Beta
25% |
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paramedian pontine reticular formation
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aka conjugate gaze center
source of extraocular movements during REM sleep |
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NE and REM sleep
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NE reduces REM sleep
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primary REM sleep neurotransmitter?
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ACh
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REM sleep timing
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every 90 minutes
stages increase in duration throughout night |
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sleep patterns in depression (6)
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decreased slow-wave sleep
decreased REM latency more REM early in cycle more total REM repeated awakenings early-morning awakenings |
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hypnopompic hallucinations
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hallucinations before awakening
occur in narcolepsy |
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hypnogogic hallucinations
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hallucinations before falling asleep
occur in narcolepsy |
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narcolepsy and REM
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sleep episodes begin with REM
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narcolepsy treatment
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stimulants (amphetamines, modafinil)
sodium oxybate (GHB) |
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driver of circadian rhythm
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suprachiasmatic nucleus of hypothalamus
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melatonin release pathway
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SCN --> NE --> pineal gland --> melatonin
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slow-wave sleep
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stage 3 sleep
delta waves |
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sleep terror disorder
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occurs during slow-wave sleep
no memories formed triggers: stress, fever, exhaustion |
