Skull 3

Front 1

temporal squama

Back 1

vertical plate of temporals

forms cranial walls and articulates with parietals at squamosal suture

Front 2

petrous pyramid

Back 2

dense bony part of temporals that dominates endocranial surface

houses inner ear

Front 3

external auditory meatus

Back 3

opening of ear canal

Front 4

zygomatic process

Back 4

projection of bone of temporals

Front 5

suprameatal crest

Back 5

root of zygomatic process on temporals

runs horizontally above external auditory meatus

Front 6

supramastoid crest

Back 6

posterior extension of suprameatal crest

Front 7

mastiod process

Back 7

projection of temporals

filled with air - pneumatized

Front 8

mastoid foramen

Back 8

hole at posterior mastoid process

along occipitomastoid suture

Front 9

digastric groove

(mastoid notch)

Back 9

groove medial to mastoid process

Front 10

temporomandibular articular surface (TAS)

Back 10

smooth surface inferior to root of zygomatic process on temporals

Front 11

articular eminence

Back 11

anterior portion of TAS

Front 12

mandibular (glenoid) fossa

Back 12

posterosuperior to articular eminence

where mandible attaches

Front 13

temporomandibular joint (TMJ)

Back 13

fibrovartilaginous articular disk between mandibular condyle and fossa

Front 14

postglenoid process

Back 14

projection anterosuperior to external auditory meatus

posterior to mandibular fossa

Front 15

styloid process

Back 15

thin rod pointing anteroinferiorly

Front 16

stylomastoid foramen

Back 16

hole posteriro to base of styloid process

between styloid process and mastoid process

Front 17

jugular fossa

Back 17

medial to base of styloid process

Front 18

jugular foramen

Back 18

hole between petrous temporal and occipital bone

Front 19

carotid canal

Back 19

large circular canal medial to styloid process

anterior to jugular fossa

Front 20

middle meningeal grooves

Back 20

grooves on endocranial surface of temporals

Front 21

internal auditory meatus

Back 21

posterior surface of petrous pyramid

("eye of the rat")

Front 22

sigmoid sulcus

Back 22

large, curving groove at posterior base of petrous pyramid

Front 23

malleus

Back 23

hammer ear bone

Front 24

incus

Back 24

anvil ear bone

Front 25

stapes

Back 25

stirrup ear bone

Front 26

foramen magnum

Back 26

large hole that transmits brain stem

Front 27

squamous portion

Back 27

plate posterior adn superior to foramen magnum

Front 28

external occipital protuberance (EOP)

Back 28

protuberance at ectocranial midline

more prominent in males

Front 29

superior nuchal line

Back 29

line that meets at EOP

Front 30

inferior nuchal line

Back 30

line below superior nuchal line

Front 31

external occipital crest

Back 31

median crest

from external occipital protuberance to foramen magnum

Front 32

basilar portion

Back 32

thick, square projection anterior to foramen magnum

Front 33

lateral/ condylar portions

Back 33

lateral to foramen magnum

Front 34

occipital condyles

Back 34

raised oval structures lateral to foramen magnum

Front 35

condylar foramina

Back 35

perforate occipital bone posterior to hypoglossal canals

Front 36

hypoglossal canals

Back 36

tunnels through anterior part of base

superior to each condyle

Front 37

jugular notch

Back 37

posterior half of jugular foramen

Front 38

cruciform eminence

Back 38

divides endocranial surface of occipital squama into 4 fossae

Front 39

cerebral fossae

Back 39

triangular shaped depressions below lambdoidal suture on endocranial surface of occipital

Front 40

cerebellar fossae

Back 40

depressions below cruciform eminence on endocranial surface

Front 41

internal occipital protuberance

Back 41

center of cruciform eminence

Front 42

occipital (sagittal) sulcus

Back 42

superior to cruciform eminence

deep endocrnaial groove

Front 43

internal occipital crest

Back 43

midline crest inferior to cruciform eminence

Front 44

transverse sulci

Back 44

deep groove lateral to cruciform eminence